^lky esa ,d nks i= yfyr ds vk tkrs gSaA

rqEgkjk cM+k yM+dk gS u\^ ^th] vkidk Hkrhtk gh gSA^

^vjs] Hkrhts rks rqe gksA^

mUgksaus eqLdjkrs gq, dgkA

^rks ukrh le> yhft,A vkidk vk'kh"k pkfg,] clA^

^dSlh ckr djrs gks HkkbZA gekjs vk'khokZn gekjs csVs ¼Jh fouksn JhokLro ^[kLrk^½ dks gh ugha QysA u os dke èkke laHkky ik, u <ax ls çksQsljh dj lds] rqe yfyr dh ckr dj jgs gksA D;k yM+ds dks fudEek cuk nsuk gS\Ó mUgksaus tksj ls galrs gq, dgkA

ckcw jkekuqtykyth JhokLro ls esjh FkksM+h lh fudVrk jghAmudk dguk Bhd gh Fkk fd fp- yfyr ugha] eSa mudk Hkrhtk gwaA muds lkFk vk;q dk bruk varj Hkh FkkA JhokLro th ls esjk igyk ifjp; 1940 esa gqvkA rc eSa eSfVªd dk fo|kFkÊ FkkAMh-,u- tSu gksLVy] tgka fd eSa jg jgk Fkk] ds of"kZd Lusg lEesyu esa mifLFkfr ds fy, eSa mUgsa vkeaf=r djus x;k FkkA mUgksaus vU; vkeaf=rksa dh rjg Loh-fr nh vkSj ugha vk,A muds ugha vkus dk dksbZ vQlksl Hkh ughaA Lo- >uduyky oekZ ^NSy^ ds vykok dksbZ Hkh rks ugha vk;k FkkA ysfdu mudh Nfo esjs eu esa vafdr gks x;hA N% QqV ls Hkh vfèkd ÅapkbZ] bdgjh nsg] lkQ lqFkjs lyhds ls igus x, diM+s vkSj js'keh VkbZ] [kwaVh ij Vaxk VksiA cl ;ksa dg yhft, fd iwjs vaxzsth fyckl esa ,d fgUnqLrkuh dk;kA ;ksa muds tSls Åaps iwjs vkneh rks vkSj Hkh ns[ks gksaxs] ysfdu ;kn budh gh cuh jghA

1950 esa tc ykSVdj tcyiqj vk;k] rks ftu jktuhfrKksa vkSj jpukdkjksa ls feyk] muesa jkekuqtykyth JhokLro Hkh ,d FksA eSaus eglwl fd;k fd 1940 okys JhokLroth vkSj buesa cgqr varj gks x;k gSA 1950 esa igys tSlh ped& ned vkSj BkVckV ds ekud cny x, gSaA mudh txg dqN lknxh vk x;h gSA

tuojh 1950 esa uoHkkjr dk tcyiqj laLdj.k çkjaHk gqvkA laiknd th dqatfcgkjh ikBd us lq>ko fn;k] fd D;ksa u ge vius dk;kZy; esa gksfydksRlo dk vk;kstu djsaAeq>s mudk ;g çLrko vPNk yxkA bl cgkus v[kckj dk ifjp; {ks= rks c<+sxk gh] 'kgj ds lkfgfR;d lkaL-frd thou ls Hkh og tqM+sxkA blh flyflys esa JhokLroth ls iqu: HksaV gqbZA mUgksaus lykg nh fd] 'rqEgkjk fopkj Bhd gSAle;8 cts 'kke ds ckn dk j[kksA 6 cts C;kSgkjth ds ;gka Hkh ijaijkxr vk;kstu gSA ge lc ogka ls lhèks rqEgkjs ;gka vk tk,axsAÓ eSa pyus yxk rks mUgksaus vkokt nsdj fQj cqyk;kA

^yEch cSBd tekuk gks rks [kkus& ihus dk bartke Hkh j[kukA^

^th gka] ge rks lqcg rd dh rS;kjh ls gSa] iwjk çcaèk j[ksaxsA^

^[kkus& [kkus dk gh fd ihus dk Hkh\^

vc ckr esjh le> esa vkbZA eSa ladksp esa iM+ x;k fd D;k tokc nwaA os esjh ykpkjh le> x,A ^vPNk& vPNk] tks Bhd le>ks dj ysukA^ gekjs bl vk;kstu esa ckcw xksfoUnnkl th] C;kSgkj jktsUæ flag th tSls cqtqxZ ièkkjs rks JhokLro th] ia- Hkokuh çlkn frokjh] vapyth] >yduyky oekZ ^NSy^] ueZnkçlkn [kjs tSls nwljh ih<+h ds rFkk loZJh gfj'kadj ijlkbZ] Lo- bUæcgknqj [kjs] jke-".k nhf{kr ^foÜo^] Jh cky ikaMs vkfn ;qok ih<+h ds jpukdkj HkhA

ihus dk ftØ vk;k rks muds etkfd;k LoHkko dh Hkh ;kn vk x;hA mUgsa vius ls cM+ksa ;k NksVksa ds lkeus vius thou dh Hkyh& cqjh vknrksa dk mYys[k djus esa dksbZ ladksp ugha gksrk FkkA os [kqn gh crkrs gSa fd ,d ckj os chekj gq, rks Lo- Jh ek[kuyky prqoZsnh us iwNkA

^jkekuqt] rfc;r rks Bhd Bkd gSA nok nk: py jgh gS u\^
^nknk] nok rks can gks x;h] nk: pkyw gSA^ mudk csckd mÙkj FkkA blhrjg fdlh lkfgfR;d vk;kstu esa tc la;kstd muds vPNs dfo vkSj ys[kd gksus dk vkSipkfjd ifjp; nsus yxs rks JhokLroth us chp esa gh Vksddj dgk&

^T;knk ifjp; nsus dh t:jr ughaA bruk gh dkQh gS] fd JhokLroth x|] i| rFkk e| esa ikjaxr gSaA^

okLro esa lPpkbZHkh ;gh gSA JhokLroth dk f'k{k.k dgka rd gqvk] ;g rks eq>s ugha ekywe] 'kk;n ml tekus ds esfVªd gh jgs gksaxs] ysfdu fgUnh] mnZw] rFkk vaxzsth ij mudk leku vfèkdkj FkkAmudh NUnc) dfork,a pkgs os çse@'kksd xhr gksa ;k jk"Vªh; jpuk,a] yhd ls gVdj gksrh FkhaA 'kCnksa ds p;u vkSj Hkko fu:i.k esa mudh Nki vyx fn[kkbZ nsrh FkhA mudh O;aX; jpuk,a Rofjr pksV djrh FkhaA vius le; ds lqçfl) lkIrkfgd çgjh esa 'ÅaVÓ miuke ls mudh pkj& N: iafä;ksa dh O;aX;ksfä o"kksZa rd fu;fer çFke i`"B ij çdkf'kr gksrh jghA mUgsa bu O;aX; dforkvksa ls vkfFkZd gkfu Hkh mBkuh iM+hA

1946 esa rRdkyhu eè;çns'k esa yksdrkaf=d 'kklu dh LFkkiuk gqbZA 'kklu ij dh tk jgh mudh pksV ls eq[;ea=h ia- jfo'kadj 'kqDy Hkys gh vkgr u gq, gksa] x`g rFkk f'k{kk ea=h ia- }kjdk çlkn feJ ls ;g fu;fer O;aX; cjnk'r ugha gks ldkA ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd ikBîØe esa yxh gqbZ bafM;u çsl] bykgkckn dh lHkh iqLrdsa ,d& ,d dj gVk nh x;haA JhokLroth bafM;u çsl ds LFkkuh; dk;kZy; ;k fMiks ds çcaèkd FksA osru dh ctk, sos deh'ku ij fMiks laHkkys gq, FksA urhtk ;gh gksuk Fkk fd dkslZ ls fdrkcsa fudky fn, tkus ij mUgsa foÙkh; ?kkVk mBkus dks foo'k gksuk iM+kA ysfdu os brus LokfHkekuh Fks fd u rks dksbZ le>kSrk fd;k vkSj u ?kqVus VsdsA vkfFkZd pksV us mUgsa detksj t:j dj fn;kA

blh nkSjku nqHkkZX; us ,d vkSj pir yxk;hA mudk [ktkaph yxHkx ikSu yk[k dh gsjkQsjh djds xk;c gks x;kA ,d vksj deh'ku ls gksus okyh vk; esa deh vkSj fQj ;g xcu] JhokLroth foÙkh; :i ls cgqr v'kä gks x,A bafM;u çsl ds ekfydksa us fMiks Hkh can dj fn;k vkSj xcu dh HkjikbZ Hkh djuh iM+hA vkfFkZd -f"V ls VwV tkus ds ckotwn os ckSf)d Lrj ij detksj ugha gq,A mudk ys[ku cnLrwj tkjh jgkA mudk dkO; laxzg 'muhanh jkrsaÓ] ,d dFkk laxzg rks çdkf'kr gq, gh] xkfyc vkSj tQj ij Hkh mudh foLr`r Vhdk,a cktkj esa vkbZaA leh{kdksa us xkfyc rFkk tQj dh u, :i esa O;k[;kf;r djus dh ljkguk dhA

;ksa JhokLroth dk lkfgR; çse dksbZ u;k ugha FkkA viuh ;qokoLFkk ls gh os ys[ku deZ ls tqM+ x, FksA eSa ;g ugha dg ldrk fd ckcw xksfoUnnklth }kjk çdkf'kr ^Jh 'kkjnk^ ¼lkfgR; if=dk½ rFkk ckcw jkekuqt yky th JhokLro }kjk çdkf'kr ^çsek^ ledkyhu if=dk,a Fkha ;k ugha] bruk t:j dgk tk ldrk gS fd çsek ds ekè;e ls vusd ;qok jpukdkj lkfgR; txr esa çfo"V gq,A vU; ys[kdks ds chp Lo- Jh ds'koçlkn ikBd dk uke fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[kuh; gSA ikBd th mu fnuksa ch-,- ds Nk= gh FksA mUgksaus fQV~tsjYM dh 'mej [kS¸;ke dh :ckb;ksaÓ dk fgUnh vuqokn 'kq: fd;k FkkA JhokLroth dks ;g vuqokn bruk ialn vk;k fd og èkkjkokfgd :i ls çsek esa çdkf'kr gqvkA bl vuqokn dk lkfgR; txr esa bruk Lokxr gqvk fd iwjk vuqokn ysdj çsek dk ,d lfpo fo'ks"kkad gh çdkf'kr djuk iM+kA

mu fnuksa mej[kS¸;ke ds dbZ vuqokn ikBdksa rd igqap jgs FksA ník eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr us 'eèkqiÓ miuke ls viuk vuqokn çdkf'kr djk;k rks nwljh vksj cPputh viuh dyk vkSj daB ds cy ij Jksrkvksa esa yksdfç; gks jgs FksA fdUrq ikBd th ds vuqokn dks tks ekU;rk feyh] og vU; jpukdkjsa ds vuqokn dks ughaA ,slk 'kCn'k: vuqokn nwljk çdkf'kr ugha gqvkA çsek ds ekè;e ls gh ikBdth dh dforkvksa dk fgUnh txr esa vknj gqvkA

ikBd th ds çfr jkekuqt ckcw dk Lusg bruk Fkk fd ikBd th ds vle; fuèku ds ckn mudh leLr jpuk,a ftlesa mej [kS¸;ke Hkh 'kkfey gSa] tcyiqj lkfgR; la?k }kjk iqu% çdkf'kr dh x;hA bl ckj ,d vkSj fo'ks"krk Hkh FkhA ikBd th ds Nk= thou ds vuqokn ds lkFk gh ewy Qkjlh ls fd;k x;k nwljk vuqokn Hkh bl xazFk esa çdkf'kr gqvkA jkekuqt ckcw rc tcyiqj lkfgR; la?k ds vè;{k FksA

dgus dks rks JhokLroth] ia- Hkokuhçlkn frokjh dh rjg eBkèkh'k ugha gq, vkSj u vapyth dh rjg mUgksaus vius vklikl HkhM+ bdëh dh] fdUrq ;qok ys[kdksa dks os çksRlkgu nsus esa ihNs ugha jgsA çsek ds cUn gks tkus ds ckn Hkh os u;h ih<+h ds ys[kdksa ls çR;{k :i ls tqM+s jgsA eq>s ;kn vkrk gS] fd esjs ,d lgdeÊ rFkk ckn esa eè;çns'k 'kklu ds lwpuk foHkkx esa dk;Zjr fe= Jh Hkxokuflag eqLrkftj dk 1958 esa 40 o"kZ dh vYik;q esa fuèku gks x;kA eSaus eqLrkftj ij ,d laLej.k fy[kkA mlds çdkf'kr gksus ds rhljs fnu gh eq>s jkekuqt ckcw dk ,d iksLVdkMZ feyk ftlesa bl laLej.k ij mUgksaus 'kkck'kh nh FkhA og esjk cgqçlkfjr igyk laLej.k FkkA dqN vkSj Hkh ç'kfLr;ka vk;ha] ijUrq jkekuqt ckcw dh ckr gh vkSj FkhA

Jh jkekuqtyky JhokLro cgqr Hkkoqd ,oa laosnu'khy O;fä FksA pkSgku nEifÙk ¼Jh y{e.k flag pkSgku rFkk lqHkæk th½ Lokèkhurk laxzke lsukfu;ksa dh vxz.kh iafä ds vkanksyudkjh FksA tsy vkrs& tkrs jguk muds thou dk lkekU; Øe gks x;k FkkA ifjokj esa dksbZ cM+k lnL; ugha Fkk tks pkSgku ifjokj ds cPpksa dh ns[kHkky dj ldsA lcls cM+h lqèkk thth Hkh 1942 esa gks'k laHkky jgh FkhaA vt;] fot;k rFkk v'kksd rks vkSj Hkh NksVs FksA eerk rks lqHkæk th ds lkFk gh tsy pyh x;hA bl ikfjokfjd nkf;Ro dks >syus okyksa esa JhokLroth igys Øe ij gqvk djrsAA ^muhanh jkrsa^ esa mUgksaus bldk cgqr gh ekfeZd fp=.k fd;k gSA

os ftrus Hkkoqd Fks mrus gh ftankfny HkhA Lo;a ij gkL;& O;aX; jp ysus esa Hkh mUgsa dksbZ ladksp ugha gksrk FkkA viuh ÅapkbZ ds ckjs esa os vDlj ,d laLej.k lquk;k djrs FksA fdlh lkfgfR;d vk;kstu esa os dVuh x, FksA cktkj ?kweus fudys rks larjs [kkus dh bPNk gqbZA nqdkunkfju ls iwNk&

^D;ksa ckbZ D;k Hkko fn, larjs\^ mlus Hkko crk;k rks fVIi.kh dh&

^uhacw tSls larjs vkSj ;s Hkko\^ cspus okyh dk mÙkj Hkh lquus yk;d gS&

^ckcw] brus Åaps ls ns[kksxs] rks dyhank ¼rjcwt½ Hkh larjs tSlk gh fn[ksxkA tjk cSB ds ns[kA^

vklikl cSBh lHkh dqatfMu+sa gal iM+haA ,d us rks NDdk gh ekj fn;k&

^gs jke] dbZl eubZ gSA chp ls rksM+gr rks nqbZ eubZ gks tkbA ¼dSlk Åapk vkneh gSA chp esa ls rksM+ nks rks nks vkneh cu tk,aA½^ ,sls gh fdlh dk;ZØe esa ckyk?kkV x, rks ÅaVuh ¼Jherh JhokLro½ ls ,d dfork esa dgyok;k] ^ckyk?kkV ¼fd'kksfj;ksa ds ?kkV½ ij tk jgs gks] tYnh ykSV vkukA eè;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu ds xksafn;k vfèkos'ku ¼1952&53½ esa x;s rks ^xksafn;k gS ÅaV] fpid u tkukAÓ pkph mÙkjk[k.M dh rhFkZ;k=k djds ykSVha] rks cq<+kis esa Hkh ,d QCrh dlh x;h] ^gs Hkxoku] os rks cæhukFk ls Hkh thfor ykSV vk;haA^

vk;q rFkk vFkkZHkko ds ncko esa JhokLroth dk 'kjhj vkSj eu nksuksa gh çHkkfor gq,A èkhjs& èkhjs Lej.k'kfä fcYdqy gh u"V gks x;hA'kjhj Hkh fcLrj ls yx x;kA ge yksx igqaprs rks LysV ij fy[kdj ckr djrs] os i<+dj tokc nsrsA LokLF; T;knk [kjkc gqvk rks vLirky esa nkf[ky djkuk iM+kA M‚DVjksa us cgqr euk fd;k fdUrq 'kjkc ugha NwVh lks ugha NwVhA fu;af=r djus esa t:j FkksM+h cgqr lQyrk feyhA ysfdu çkr: vkpeu ogha la 'kq: gksrkA ia- }kjdkçlkn feJ eq[;ea=h Fks] mUgksaus fpfdRlk dh O;oLFkk dhA ikap lkS #i;s ekfld 'kkldh; lgk;rk dk Hkh mUgksaus çkoèkku fd;k rks euk dj fn;kA 'ftanxh BkV ls ft;s gSa] vc ejrs le; fdlh dh -ik ij thfor ugha jguk pkgrkAÓ fe=ksa ds cgqr vkxzg ds ckn gh ;g isa'ku ysuk Lohdkj fd;kA

ns'kcUèkq ds nhikoyh fo'ks"kkad esa mudh jpuk llEeku çFke çdkf'kr dh tkrh jghA thou ds vafre o"kZ esa tc jpuk Hkstus dk vkxzg fd;k] rks mUgksaus fp- yfyr dks viuh vleFkZrk O;ä djrs gq, ,d Hkkoqdrk iw.kZ i= fy[kkA mudh ,d cgqpfpZr jpuk çdkf'kr dj geus larks"k dj fy;kA njvly mudh bl jpuk ds lkFk gh ns'kcUèkq tcyiqj ds clUrksRlo dk lekiu gksrk FkkA

^;g eLr pyk bl cLrh ls
FkksM+h&FkksM+h eLrh ys yks^

dks tcyiqj ds çfl) dOoky yqdeku us cgqr gh lèks Lojksa esa ckaèkk FkkA

1963 esa eè;çns'k lkfgR; ifj"kn us tcyiqj esa gh mUgsa lEekfur djus dk dk;ZØe cuk;kA mudh thouh rFkk lqifjfpr jpukvksa dk ,d ladyu Hkh Jh gfj'kadj ijlkbZ ds laiknu esa ifj"kn us çdkf'kr fd;kA ikap gtkj #i;ksa dh jkf'k Hkh HksaV dh x;hA ;g vk;kstu Hkh vuwBk gks x;kA ia- feJ eq[;ea=h ugha jg x, FksA mUgksaus vius fuokl ^mÙkjk;.k^ ls ckgj fudyuk Hkh can dj fn;k FkkA bèkj JhokLroth us bPNk O;ä dh fd ^feJth bl vk;kstu esa mifLFkr gksa] rks eSa mudk vk'khokZn ys ywaA^ ,d vksj feJ th dk fu'p; vkSj nwljh vksj jEew dDdk ¼jkekuqt ckcw½ dk vkxzg] dSls leUo; fd;k tk,A fe=ksa dh jk; cuh fd eSa feJ th ls feydj mUgsa bl lekjksg esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, jkth d:aA E;kÅa ds xys esa ?kaVh ckaèkus tSls gkykr gks x,A Mjrs& Mjrs eSa feJth ds fuokl ij x;kA lkFk esa M‚- cYnso çlkn th feJ dks Hkh ys fy;k] 'kk;n mudk ladksp dj tk;saA ogka igqaps] rks tks lkspk Fkk ogh tokc feykA M‚- cYnso çlkn th Hkh mudh gka esa gka feykus yxs rks esjk lkgc vkSj tokc ns x;kA tkus dSls esjs eqag ls fudy x;k] ^nknk] tkus JhokLroth dh ;gh vafre bPNk gksA vki igqap tk,axs rks mudh mez c<+ tk,xhA^ feJth dh HkkoHkafxek ns[kdj eSaus vuqeku yxk;k fd iRFkj fi?ky jgk gSA cgqr vkfgLrk& vkfgLrk cksys& ^Bhd gSA eSa dqN cksywaxk ughaA ,d ?kaVs ls vfèkd ugha cSBwaxkA rqe xkM+h ys vkukA^

feJth vk, rks JhokLroth dh vka[ksa cjl iM+haA ^inu[k flj ij j[k nks^ dfork dk ikB djrs& djrs os foOgy gh gks x,A vthc leka caèkkA eSa lkspus yxk fd ;g Hkh dSlh Hkkoqdrk gSA feJth ij pksV djus esa JhokLroth ihNs ugha jgsA feJth us tokc Hkh oSls gh djkjs fn,A vkSj vkt dk vkye ;g fd feJth dh mifLFkfr ds fcuk mudk lEeku vèkwjk gSA

lekjksg ds ckn eSa JhokLroth dks muds fuokl ij NksMu+s x;k rks cgqr le; rd os esjh ihB ij gkFk Qsjrs jgsA fQj vpkud gh iwN cSBs fd ^rqEgsa ;kn gSA eSaus rqEgsa ,d ckj MkaVk Hkh Fkk\^ eSaus gkeh Hkjh rks vkxzg fd ^vc cw<++k gks x;k gwaA ekQh D;k ekaxwaA og ?kVuk Hkwy tkukA^ eSa vk'p;Z djus yxkA 16 lky igys gqbZ ?kVuk mUgsa D;ksadj ;kn jghA

1952&53 esa tcyiqj uxj fuxe ds pquko gq, FksA jkbV Vkmu {ks= ls JhokLro th cSfjLVj nsohçlkn JhokLro dks fot;h gksrs ns[kuk pkgrs FksA eSa fdlh nwljs mEehnokj dk leFkZu dj jgk FkkA erx.kuk dh ml 'kke os cSfjLVj lkgc ds lkFk uxj fuxe dk;kZy; vk, Fks vkSj eSa HkhAos eq>ls ukjkt Fks gh] blhle; ftykèkh'k Jh vkj-vkj- cgy ogka vk x,A os vkbZlh,l dsMj ds vfèkdkjh FksA eq>ls lacaèk Hkh vPNs FksA vyx ys tkdj mUgksaus eq>ls dqN ckr dhA tc ykSVdj fQj JhokLroth ds ikl vk x;k rks os ,dne fcQj mBs&

^vc tjk&tjk ds ykSaMs dysDVj ls ckr djus yxsA geus mu fnuksa esa vfèkdkfj;ksa ds lkFk cSBdj ih gS tc rqEgkjs tSls yksx bZ,lh ¼fMIVh dysDVj½ ds QkVd esa Hkh ugha ?kql ldrs FksA^

^t:j ysfdu] dDdk vc tekuk cny x;k gSA ge vktkn Hkkjr ds ukxfjd gSaA^

D;k---ukxfjd gksA mUgksaus ,d Hkíh lh xkyh nhA eSaus ckr Vkyrs gq, dgk] 'eSa vHkh cksyus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gwaA dy vkils ckr d:axkAÓ vkSj f[kld fy;kA

nwljs fnu muds ;gka x;k rks lc lkekU;A jkf= dh ?kVuk dks os tSls Hkwy gh x;s FksA eq>s ;kn fnykus dh t:jr Hkh ugha FkhA lksp fy;k fd gks'k esa gksrs rks ;g ?kVuk gh D;ksa ?kVrhA muds thou i;ZUr eq>s mudk vkReh; Lusg feyrk jgkA

ysfdu jEew dDdk dks og ?kVuk ;kn FkhA 16 lky ckn tc mldk ftØ fd;k mUgksaus] rks LoHkkor;k eSa gh ldqpk x;kA

vHkh Hkh nks lky esa dHkh yqdeku HkkbZ dh dOokyh lquus dk ekSdk fey tkrk gSA yqdeku esjh detksjh tkurs gSa&;g eLr pyk bl cLrh ls] FkksM+h& FkksM+h eLrh ys yks^] ds lkFk gh muds dk;ZØe dk lekiu gksrk gSA lpeqp] jkekuqtykyth tSls vD[kM+] ftankfny jpukdkjksa ds vHkko esa tcyiqj esa eLrh ckaVus okys cqtqxksZa dh J`a[kyk lekIr gks x;hA