29.03.1923 - 31.12.1994
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
?kVuk 'kk;n 1947&48 dh gSA uo&Hkkjr ukxiqj ds c<+rs çlkj dks laHkkyus ds fy, gesa ,d ySV csM jksVjh e'khu vk;kr djuh FkhA ns'k u;k& u;k vktkn gqvk FkkA bEiksVZ yk;lsal ds fy, rc <sj lkjh vkSipkfjdrk iwjh ugha djuh gksrh FkhA fQj Hkh vkosnu rks djuk gh gksrk FkkA vkSj mlds ckn Hkh bEiksVZ ykblsal tYnh fey tk, blfy, fnYyh vkuk tkuk Hkh cgqr gksrk FkkA mu fnuksa u rks bruh yach xkfM;+ka gksrh Fkha vkSj u bruh lokfj;kaA Åaps ntZs esa rks vkSj Hkh de yksx lQj djrs FksA ,slh gh fdlh ;k=k esa eSa fnYyh ls ukxiqj ykSV jgk Fkk fd pkj cFkZ okys ml dEikVZesaV esa ,d vkSj lg;k=h us ços'k fd;kA ;k=k ds nkSjku] eaS vtuch lg;kf=;ksa ls ckr djuk vDlj Vky tkrk gwaA fdlh ladksp ds dkj.k ugha] oju~ blfy, fd i<u+s& fy[kus ds fy, blls vfèkd fujkin nwljk volj ugha gksrkA pkj cFkZ okys bl fMCcs esa ge nks gh ;k=h la;ksx ;g fd nksuksa gh [kknhèkkjhA ifjp; dh LokHkkfod mRdaBk gksrs gq, Hkh eSa pqi gh jgkA lkeku ;FkkLFkku tek dj vkÜoLr gqvk vkSj i<u+s ds fy, fdrkc mBk yhA ysfdu lg;k=h ls ugha jgk x;kA mlus ,d ds ckn ,d ç'uksa dh >M+h oxk nh&

^dgka rd tk jgs gks\^

^ukxiqjA^

^;g rks vPNh fdrkc i<+ jgs gSa vki D;k djrs gSa\^

^v[kckj ds nrj esa dke djrk gwaA^

^ukxiqj esa gh\^

^thA^

eSa bu fujFkZd ç'uksa ls tSls Åcrk tk jgk Fkk vkSj lg;k=h dqN bruk ckrwuh Fkk fd pqi ugha cSB ldrk FkkA

^vjs HkkbZ] ,slh Hkh D;k [kkeks'khA dqN [kqydj ckr dhft,A ukxiqj ls rks ^uo&Hkkjr^ Hkh fudyrk gSA gekjs fe= gh gSa mlds lapkyd Jh jkexksiky ekgsÜojhA^

bruk ifjp; fey tkus ij eq>s LokHkkfod gh lg;k=h ls ckr djus dh #fp iSnk gks xbZA
^th] eSa uo&Hkkjr esa gh dke djrk gwaA^

^vks gks] rc rks vki vius gh yksxksa esa ls fudysA esjk uke lhrkjke tktw gSA dkULVhVqosUV vlsEcyh dk esEcj gwaA Xokfy;j tk jgk gwaA vkSj vki\^

^th] esjk uke ek;kjke lqjtu gSA eSa uo&Hkkjr esa O;oLFkkid gwaA ,d bUiksVZ ykblsUl ds flyflys esa fnYyh vk;k FkkA^

^rks fnYyh esa vki dgka #drs gSa\^

^lkekU;r% fQjkst'kkg jksM ij fcztykyth fc;k.kh ds ;gkaA vc vkils ifjp; gks x;k gS rks ,d txg vkSj gks x;h Bgjus dhA^

lhrkjke tktw ls ;g igyk ifjp; FkkA muds fnYyh fuokl ij dHkh #dus dk volj rks ugh vk;kA ijUrq tks ifjp; gqvk og çxk<+ fe=rk esa cny x;k vkSj muds vafre le; rd oSlk gh cuk jgkA ;ksa gh dHkh&dHkkj HksaV gksrh jghA M‚- dkVtw ds fy, mUgksaus viuh lnL;rk ls R;kxi= Hkh ns fn;kA bl rjg feyuk& tqyuk Hkh yxHkx can gks x;kA fQj 1952 esa os eè;Hkkjr foèkkulHkk ds lnL; pqus x, vkSj r[rey eaf=eaMy esa 'kkfey dj fy, x,A

1955 esa jkT; iquxZBu vk;ksx dh fjiksVZ vk x;hA mlds vuqlkj tks u;k eè;çns'k çLrkfor gq~vk mlesa eè;Hkkjr] foUè; çns'k rFkk Hkksiky jkT; 'kkfey dj fy, x,A iqjkus çns'k ds ejkBh Hkk"kh ftys cacbZ dks ns fx, x, vkSj 'ks"k fgUnh Hkk"kh egkdks'ky Hkh çLrkfor eè;çns'k dk ,d ?kVd gks x;kA ,d i=dkj ds ukrs viuk ifjp; {ks= c<+kus ds mís'; ls eSa vçSy 1956 esa Xokfy;j x;k rkfd eè;Hkkjr dh çeq[k jktuhfrd gfLr;ksa ls HksaV gks ldsA 1 uoEcj 1956 dks u;k çns'k vfLrRo esa vk jgk FkkA Xokfy;j ds Hkwxksy ls esjk cgqr vYi ifjp; FkkA ogka igqapk Hkh rks yxHkx czEgk eqgwrZ esaA blfy, xzk.M gksVy esa gh Bgj x;kA 8&9 cts ds yxHkx tktwth ds fuokl dk irk yxkdj muds ;gka igqap x;kA muls vfèkd ifjfpr dksbZ vkSj O;fä Xokfy;j esa Fkk Hkh ugha esjs fy,A ;g Hkh ,d la;ksx Fkk fd os nkSjs ij ugha FksA D;sa gh esjs vkus dh lwpuk feyh] os Lo;a ckgj vk x;sA fQj iwNrkN 'kq:A 'lkeku dgka gS\Ó veqd dejs esa igqapk nks]Ó vkfnA tc eSaus ;g crk;k fd eSa xzk.M gksVy esa Bgjk gwa rks muds rsoj gh cny x,A D;ksa] D;k ge lc yksx ej x, Fks\Ó esjh bl nyhy dk mu ij dksbZ vlj ugha gqvk fd Xokfy;j esjs fy, ,d vifjfpr 'kgj gSA fQj 4&5 cts lqcg eSa dgk vkidk fuokl [kkstrk fQjrkA vkSj ;g Hkh fd 'vki nkSjs ij Hkh rks gks ldrs FksÓ vkfnA QkSju xzk.M gksVy VsyhQksu fd;k x;k fd veqd dejs dk lkeku muds fuokl ij igqapk fn;k tk,A os rc dkelZ rFkk b.MLVªht foHkkx ds ea=h FksA xzk.M gksVy muds foHkkx ds varxZr gh vkrk FkkA vkns'k dk rRdky ikyu gqvkA

blds ckn ckrphr dk flyflyk 'kq:A 'Xokfy;j vkus dk D;k mís'; gS\Ó eSaus crk;k fd ^tc 1 uoEcj ls ge yksxksa dk lkFk gksuk gh gS rks D;ksa u vHkh ls ifjp; dh dfM;+ka tksMu+k çkjaHk dj fn;k tk,A^ eSaus muls ;g Hkh vkxzg fd;k fd os dqN eaf=;ksa vkSj çeq[k jktuhfrKksa ls eq>s le; fnyok nsa rkfd eSa vfèkd ls vfèkd yksxksa ls fey ldwaA

^gka gkaA og rks lc gks tk,xkA Hkkstu djds eksrh egy pyrs gSa]- ogha lcls HksaV gks tk,xhvkSj lkjk dke ,d fnu esa FkksM+s gh gks tk,xkA vk, gSa rks ,d nks fnu #fd,A^

muls cgl djuk fQtwy FkkA Hkkstu djds ge yksx lfpoky; vk x;sA ;g Hkh la;ksx Fkk fd lfpoky; ¼eksrhegy½ igqaprs gh eq>s ekywe gqvk fd vkt gh eaf=eaMy ds foHkkxksa esa gsjQsj fd;k x;k gSA tktwth ls okf.kT; rFkk m|ksx foHkkx nwljs fdUgha ea=h ¼'kk;n Jh euksgj flag esgrk dks ns fn;k x;k gS vkSj os yksd fuekZ.k foHkkx ds çHkkjh cuk, x, gSaA eq>s yxk fd vc vkt dksbZ dke ugha gks ldsxkA iqjkus foHkkx ds vfèkdkjh muls fonk ysus vk,axs vkSj u, foHkkx ds u;k Tokbu djus ds fy,A lfpoky; igqaprs gh muds fy, Qksu ij Qksu vkus yxsA m|ksx okf.kT; foHkkx ds vfèkdkfj;ksa dks mUgksaus lg;ksx ds fy, Qksu ij gh èkU;okn nsdj Nqêh ik yh vkSj tc yksd fuekZ.k foHkkx ds lfpo vkSj phQ bathfu;j us feyus dk le; pkgk rks muls Hkh Qksu ls vfèkd laidZ ughaA fdlh ea=h dk D;k ncnck gks ldrk gS] mldk eSaus çR;{k vuqHko fd;kA eSaus eglwl fd;k fd tSls ih-MCY;w-Mh- ds vfèkdkfj;ksa ij vkrad dh dksbZ Nki cSB x;h gSA tktwth us Qksu ij gh muls tks ckr dh mldh ;gka ckuxh nsuk mfpr ekywe gksrk gSA

^osy] bV~l vky jkbVA vkbZ gso ,u bEiksVZsUV xsLV VqMsA ,.M nsu nsvj bt uks uslsflVh Vw dky vku ehA dsjh vku ;qvj tkCl çkijyhA MksUV xsV Lds;MZ v‚Q ehA^ bQ ,ojhfFkax xkst vkyjkbV] ;w uhM ukV fQ;jA ,.M nsu ;w uks] n Vkbi vkQ ,MfefuLVªsVj vkb ,eA^ ¼Bhd gSA vkt eSa ,d fof'k"V vfrfFk ds lkFk O;Lr gwa vkSj fQj ,slh dksbZ t:jr ugha gS fd vki eq>ls feysa ghA viuk dke Bhd& Bhd dhft,A eq>ls Mjus dh D;k t:jr gS\ vkSj vki Hkh tkurs gh gSa fd eSa fdl rjg dk ç'kkld gwaA½

vius nl o"kksZa ds i=dkj thou esa vusd eaf=;ksa ls esjk okLrk iM+k FkkA cgqrksa ds fudV Hkh ekuk tkrk FkkA ia- }kjdk çlkn feJ tSls jkSc nkc okys ç'kkld Hkh eSaus ns[ks Fks vkSj fcztyky fc;k.kh tSls e`nqHkk"kh HkhA ysfdu eSaus eglwl fd;k fd tktwth dh dk;Z'kSyh bu lcls fHkUu gSA ;g ,d vyx fdLe dk gh pfj= gSA njvly] tktwth ml fnu ,dkèk vfèkdkjh dks NksM++dj fdlh ls Hkh ugha feysA lkjk fnu mUgksaus eq>s lkFk j[kkA eq[;ea=h Jh r[reyth ls rks HksaV djk;h gh] 'kke dk Hkkstu Hkh muds gh ;gka fuf'pr jgkA eaf=eaMy ds vU; lHkh lnL;ksa ls HksaV djk;hA dqN egRoiw.kZ jktuhfrd O;fä;ksa ls Hkh eqykdkr ftuesa eè;Hkkjr dkaxzsl desVh ds vè;{k ¼laHkor: Jh oSnsghpj.k ikjk'kj½ vkfn 'kkfey FksA 'kke dks eSaus uo&Hkkjr ds lapkyd ekgsÜojhth ds lgikBh Jh jkefuokl th ckaxM+ ls HksaV djuh pkgh rks ogka Hkh os Lo;a lkFk gks fy,A xjt ;g fd mUgksaus bruh vkReh;rk cjrh fd eSa ges'kk ds fy, mudk ç'kald gks x;kA ,d fnu dh ctk, eq>s nks fnu Xokfy;j #duk iM+kA eq[;ea=h r[reyth ls ml 'kke tks okrkZ gqbZ] og esjh Le`fr;ksa esa ,d èkjksgj cu x;hA

u, eè;çns'k dk xBu gksus ij rks tktwth ls vkSj Hkh xgjs lacaèk tqM+ x,A os Hkksiky esa jgrs rks eqykdkr gksrh gh jgrh vSkj eSa ;fn dkj ls ukFk }kj vkrk tkrk rks uhep esa ?kaVs nks ?kaVs #ds fcuk vkxs ugha c<+ ldrk FkkA 1958 ds flracj & vDVwcj esa jkeiqjk esa eè;çns'k dkaxzsl dk jktuhfrd lEesyu gqvkA eSa rks x;k gh esjs lkFk Lo- Jh dk'kh çlkn ikaMs Hkh FksA ifj"kn lekIr gksus ij ge yksx Hkksiky okil vkus yxs rks tktwth dk Lo:i ns[kdj eSa lge x;kA ;g dSls gks ldrk gS fd vki uhep vk, fcuk okil gks tk,a\ vkSj ikaMsth rks lkFk esa gh jgsaxs ghA tSlk fd eSaus ifgys gh dgk] muls cgl djuk fQtwy gksrk FkkA tks dgwa] ogh eku ysa blh esa [kSj gSA xkM+h dk #[k Hkksiky dh ctk, uhep dh vksj gks x;kA ogka tktwth dk 3&4 ?kaVs dk vkfrF; xi'ki vkSj HkkstuA ceqf'dy jkf= dks dksbZ 8&9 cts ogka ls jokuk gks ldsA

fnlEcj 1958 esa uo&Hkkjr ls i`Fkd gksdj eSaus jk;iqj ls ubZnqfu;k ¼vc ns'kcUèkq½ dk çdk'ku çkjaHk dj fn;k FkkA dkykUrj esa tktwth Hkh lwpuk ,oa çdk'ku foHkkx esa çHkkjh miea=h fu;qä gks x, FksA mudk jk;iqj vkus dk dk;ZØe Hkh cukA eSa muls feyus lfdZV gkml tk gh jgk Fkk fd ns[krk gwa tktwth esjs nrj esa gh vk x;s gSaA eSaus mykguk fn;k fd de ls de lwpuk nsdj vkrs gSaA ?kj vkus ds fy, Hkh D;k dksbZ [kcj djuh iM+rh gS\ nksigj dk oä FkkA eSaus pkgk fd ?kj ij Qksu dj nwa fd Hkkstu dh dqN fo'ks"k rS;kjh gks tk,A mUgksaus og Hkh ugha djus fn;kA ^tks rS;kj gksxk] ogh Hkkstu djsaxsA eSa D;k dksbZ esgeku gwaA blds vkxs dgk gh D;k tk ldrk FkkA nks& rhu ?kaVs ?kj ij gh xIisa vkSj foJkeA^

Hkksiky NwV tkus ds ckn cl ,sls gh {k.kksa esa muls HksaV gks ikrh FkhA os pquko gkjrs thrrs jgsA 1974 esa eSaus ns'kcUèkq dk Hkksiky laLdj.k çdkf'kr djus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA os Hkh rc rd ¼;k mlds dqN le; vkxs ihNs½ eè;çns'k jkT; ifjogu fuxe ds vè;{k fu;qä dj fn, x, FksA grs esa nks pkj cSBdsa gks tkuk vke fjokt gks x;kA vukSipkfjdrk bruh fd ;fn os Hkkstu dj jgs gSa rks ogha cqyk fy;k tkrkA dqN ugha rks ikiM+ gh lgh] ysuk gh iM+rkA

bl rjg ds <sj lkjs laLej.k gksaxsA ckr dqy bruh gS fd mudk O;fäRo vU; jktuhfrKksa ls fcydqy fHkUu FkkA dksbZ dke djuk gS rks vkuk&dkuh ugha vkSj ugha gks ldrk gS rks vkÜoklu ughaA nks Vwd ckr djus dh mudh vknr FkhA cgl djus ij mrk: gks tk,a rks u flQZ viuh jk; ij tksj nsaxs oju~ brus tksj& tksj ls cksysaxs fd lkeus okyk [kqn gh ijkt; Lohdkj dj ysA mudk bruk yack jktuhfrd thou jgk] ysfdu eq>s ;kn ugha vkrk fd mu ij dgha dksbZ ykaNu yxk gksA jkT; ifjogu ds ?kkVs rks tx tkfgj gSa ysfdu vius mikè;{k Jh eksrhyky oksjk ds lkFk mudh ,slh iVjh cSBh fd tSls lkjs vfèkdkj oksjk th dks gh ns fn, gksaA nksuksa ds chp ,slk rkyesy gqvk fd yksx pfdr jg x,A fdlh dks foÜokl gh ugha gksrk Fkk fd eqagQV tktwth vkSj lkSE; oksjkth ds chp brus lg;ksx vkSj le> dk okrkoj.k cusxkA 'kk;n og igyk volj Fkk tc jkT; ifjogu esa u flQZ dkQh lqèkkj gqvk] oju~ mlus equkQk Hkh dek;kA

vafre ckj tc muls uhep esa HksaV gqbZ rc os i{kk?kkr ls ihfM+r FksA ,sls ne[ke okys O;fä dks v'kä ns[kdj eu nq[kh gks x;kA ftl fnu muds fuèku dk lekpkj i<+k ,slk yxk fd ?kj dk gh dksbZ O;fä fcNqM+ x;kA lky nks lky esa vHkh Hkh uhep ls xqtjrk gwa] ysfdu eglwl ;gh gksrk gS fd tc tktwth ugha gSa rks esjs fy, rks 'kgj gh futZu gks x;k gSA muds mB tkus ls bZekunkj vkSj fu"Bkoku jktuhfrKksa dh J`a[kyk dh ,d dM+h vkSj fc[kj x;hA mez esa eq>ls ikap& lkr lky cM+s gh gksaxsA ysfdu vuqHko ;gh gksrk gS fd fe=eaMyh esa muds tSlk ftUnk fny nksLr vc gS gh dkSu\ mUgsa viuh fouez J)katfyA