;fn dksbZ /kUuklsB yk[kksa dh ;kstuk cukdj mls dk;kZfUor dj fn[kk;s rks mlesa vk'p;Z tSlk dqN Hkh ugha gksxkA ysfdu ;fn dksbZ QDdM+ yk[kksa dh ;kstuk cukdj mls le; ij iwjk dj fn[kk;s rks mldk uke t:j ek;kjke lqjtu gksuk pkfg,A ubZ e'khu vkSj u;s Hkou dh ;kstuk cuh vkSj vusd O;o/kkuksa ds ckotwn ,d o"kZ esa iwjh gks xbZA ns'kcU/kq ifjokj ds yksxksa us ftls ek= lqgkuk liuk le>k Fkk] ckcwth us ¼ ge lc mUgsa ckcwth dgdj gh lacksf/kr djrs gS½ mls vius vkRefo'okl ,oa vkRecy ij lkdkj dj fn;kA

vkt tc eSa vrhr ds fc[kjs gq, Le`frd.kksa dks lesVus ds fy;s cSBk gwa rc loZçFke ;kn vk jgk gS 15 vçsy lu~ 1959 dk og fnu tc ckcwth ls esjk çFke lk{kkRdkj gqvk FkkA os ubZ nqfu;k çkjaHk djus ds flyflys esa jk;iqj vk;s FksA Lej.k 'kfä detksj gksus ds ckn Hkh ;g fnu eq>s blfy, ;kn gS fd eSa tUe vkSj deZ ls cfu;k gwaA cfu;k vius vkfFkZd ykHk ds {k.kksa dks dHkh Hkwy ugha ikrkA çFke ifjp; ds lkFk gh ubZ nqfu;k esa esjh fu;qqfä gks xbZA fu;qfä ds le; ckcwth us eq>ls iwNk Fkk fd eSa fdrus osru dh vis{kk j[krk gwaA eSa nSfud egkdkS'ky NksMdj vk jgk Fkk] tgka eq>s 125 :i;s ekgokj osru feyrk FkkA viuh cfu;kbZ cqf) dk vf/kdre mi;ksx djds eSus 175 :i;s ekgokj dh ekax j[khA mUgksaus cxSj fdlh lksp fopkj dj eSus tks pkgk Fkk] og nsuk Lohdkj dj fy;kA eSus dkQh c<+kdj blfy, 175 :i;ksa dh ekax dh Fkh fd xksyeky ds ckn 150 :i;s esa ekeyk r; gks tkosxkA ukSdjh dk fu;qfä i= ysdj ykSVrs le; esjh eu%fLFkfr ml Øsrk dh rjg Fkh tks nqdkunkj ls eksyHkko djds viuh euilan oLrq fu/kkZfjr ewY; ls dkQh de esa çkIr djus ds ckotwn jkLrs Hkj lksprk tkrk gS fd dgha Bxk rks ugha x;k] oLrq vkSj de esa Hkh fey ldrh FkhA eq>s Hkh yxk fd 2 lkS :i;s fey ldrs Fks] eS Bxk x;k vkSj bl rjg vf/kd ik tkus dh [kq'kh {k.k Hkj esa frjksfgr gks xbZA

eq>s vius ;gka j[kdj ckcwth Bxk;s ;k muds ;gka jgdj eSa Bxk x;k bldk fu.kZ; rks 'kk;n gh dksbZ dj ldsA gka] bruk t:j gS fd ml fnu ls esjh ;g /kkj.kk cu xbZ fd ckcwth esa O;olkf;d cfu;k cqf) fcYdqy ugha gS A muds lkFk dke djrs eq>s 20 o"kksZ ls Hkh vf/kd le; gks x;k ysfdu esjh bl /kkj.kk esa vkt Hkh dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gqvk gSA bu 20 o"kksZ esa eq>s mUgsa utnhd ls ns[kus] le>us vkSj muds lkFk dke djus dk lkSHkkX; feykA blhfy, bPNk gqbZ fd ckcwth ij eSa Hkh dqN fy[kawA

ckr ml le; dh gS tc gekjk NksVk lk çsl vkSj dk;kZy; líkuh pkSd ¼lnj cktkj½ ls cw<+k rkykc tkus okyh lMd dh <ky ij cwfy;u ,Dlpsat ds uke ls igpkuh tkus okyh fcfYMax esa FkkA og ubZ nqfu;k dk 'kS'ko dky FkkA cgqr la?k"kZ] ladV ,oa vHkko ds fnu FksA fdlh ,d la/;k dks ckcwth vkSj eSa dk;kZy; ls ?kj tkus ds fy;s lkFk lkFk fudysA rc mudk ?kj cSju cktkj esa FkkA ge iSny gh c<+rs tk jgs Fks fd vejpan oSn us ¼gky gh esa budk LoxZokl gks x;k½ viuh diM+k nqdku ds pcwrjs ls vkokt yxkdj dgk& vkt vki iSny dSls\ ckcwth us rRdky mÙkj fn;k & D;k djsa ;kj] tsc esa vkt fjD'ks ds Hkh iSls ugha gSA ckr lp Fkh ysfdu lqudj eSa LrC/k jg x;kA viuh vkfFkZd y?kqrk dks fNikdj laiUurk dk eq[kkSVk p<+k;s ?kweuk bUgsa drbZ ilan ughaA os tgka Hkh gSa] ftl gky esa gS vkSj tSls Hkh gS vanj ckgj ,d ls gSaA ghurk dk cks/k mUgsa dHkh Nw ugha ik;kA gokbZ tgkt esa pydj u rks bUgksaus dHkh vius vki dks xkSjokfUor vuqHko fd;k vkSj u gh iSny pyus ij y?kqrk dk cks/k bUgsa dgh ls Li'kZ dj ik;kA vke yksxksa ds chp Hkh os lnSo csinkZ jgs gaSA dbZ ,sls volj vk;s gS tc nqxZ esa os esjs lkFk iSny] LdwVj] cl vkSj rkaxs esa ?kwesA ,sls voljksa ij lk/ku u tqVk ikus dh vleFkZrk eq>s cjkcj lkyrh jgh] ysfdu mUgksaus lc dqN lgt Hkko ls Lohdkj dj fy;kA

nrj esa iwjh ,dkxzrk ds lkFk VkbZijk;Vj ij Åaxfy;ka nkSM+krs gq, ckcwth] ?kj esa cPpksa ds lkFk mUgha dh rjg galrs&[ksyrs ckcwth] fdlh eksVh xaHkhj iqLrd dk rYyhurk ls fparu djrs gq, ckcwth] dkyst ds tekus ds lgikfB;ksa ds lkFk vcs lkys rd igqapdj etkd djrs gq, ckcwth] fdlh fo'ks"k jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr ij vxzys[k ds fy;s fMDVs'ku nsrs gq, ckcwth] 30&35 o"kZ iqjkuh fQYeksa ds xhrksa dh ykbusa ,oa xhrdkj dks ;kn djrs gq, ckcwth] vius laikndh; lg;ksfx;ksa ds lkFk jktuhfr ij xaHkhj cgl djrs gq, ckcwth A eaSus bUgsa gj jax vkSj :i esa ns[kk gSA buds eu es tks vk;k dg nsaxs] tks djuk gksxk dj ysaxsA vkSipkfjdrk ,oa in dh >wBh xfjek bUgsa dHkh cka/k ugha ldhA

ewM esa jgus ij ckcwth vius lkFk chrh dqN [kêh&ehBh ?kVuk,a cM+s ets ls lqukrs gSA ;g mu fnuksa dh ckr tc Hkksiky laLdj.k çkjaHk gqvk FkkA ogka dh dk;Z O;Lrrk ds dkj.k 2&4 ekg esa ,d ckj mudk jk;iqj vkuk gksrk FkkA mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa ,d fnu os jk;iqj dk;kZy; esa cSBs dqN t:jh dkxtkr VkbZi djus esa O;Lr Fks fd Qksu dh ?kaVh ct mBhA fjlhoj mBkus ij lkeus okys dh vkokt vkbZ& vki dkSu cksy jgs gSA bUgksaus tokc fn;k & eSa ek;kjke cksy jgk gwaA lkeus okys us dqN [kha>dj dgk & vjs HkkbZ] fdlh tokcnkj vkneh dks Qksu nksA ckcwth us Hkh vius vki dks xSjtokcnkj Lohdkjrs gq, Qksu j[k fn;kA

blh rjg yacs vlsZ ds ckn ,d ckj Hkksiky ls jk;iqj vkus ij dk;kZy; ds ,d u;s pijklh us mUgsa muds dejs esa ;g dgdj tkus ls jksd fn;k & yfyrth dkxt NqM+kus cSad x;s gaS& muls feyuk gks] rks 3 cts ds ckn vkukA pijklh us ckcwth dks [kknh dh /kksrh vkSj dqjrs esa ns[kdj& 'kk;n dksbZ oäO; Niokus ds fy;s ijs'kku djus okyk usrk le> fy;k gksA

ns'kcU/kq ds 20 o"kksZ ds bfrgkl esa vkt rd dHkh deZpkfj;ksa us gM+rky ugha dh] ;g ckr ckcwth xoZ ls crykrsA ftl v[kckj ds deZpkfj;ksa dks ;nk&dnk 2&3 ekg rd osru u feys] ftl nrj esa iSlksa dk lnSo ladV gks] ogka gM+rky u gksuk D;k xkSjo o vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha\ ysfdu tks yksx ns'kcU/kq dh ijEijkvksa ,oa ikfjokfjd Hkkoukvksa ls ifjfpr gS mUgsa vk'p;Z tSlk dqN u yxsxkA ckcwth us ns'kcU/kq ds leLr lg;ksfx;ksa dks vius ifjokj ds :i esa gh tkuk gS vkSj ifjokj ds vxzt ds ukrs vius nkf;Ro ds çfr os dHkh mnklhu ugha jgsA muds leLr lg;ksxh bl ckr ls iwjh rjg vk'oLr gS] fd osru pkgs le; ij u feys ij 'kknh fookg ,oa ladV dh ?kM+h esa mudk dke dHkh ugha :dsxkA ,sls vusd volj vk;s tc fdlh lg;ksxh dh Lo;a dh ;k cgu dh 'kknh ds fy;s ckcwth ;k yfyr th us C;kt ij dtZ ykdj vko';drk dh iwfrZ dhA vkSj fQj vkfFkZd ladV ds vrhr ds fnuksa esa ckcwth ds ?kj esa Hkh 10&5 fdyks pkaoy ;k xsgwa [kjhnk&eaxk;k tkrk jgk gS] bl ckr ij os gh yksx fo'okl dj ldrs gSa tks mUgsa lehi ls tkurs gSaA

uke ek;kjketh gksus ds ckn Hkh ek;k buds ikl dHkh ugha jghA vkt vki bUgsa 1 yk[k :i;s ns nhft, vkSj dy fQj os dkxt NqM+kus ds fy;s cSad eSustj dks eukrs gq, utj vk;sxsaA 20 o"kksZ dh vof/k esa ns'kcU/kq us lQyrk dh cgqr lh eaftysa r; dhA blds lkFk ;'k]eku e;kZnk lc esa o`f) gqbZ] ysfdu iSlksa dk vHkko vkt Hkh T;ksa dk R;ksa dk;e gSA yksx ladV ,oa la?k"kksZ dh ?kfM;ksa esa Bhd ls lks ugha ikrs ysfdu ckcwth dk LoHkko Bhd blds foijhr gSA vk cSy eq>s ekj okyh dgkor dh rjg ;s lnSo la?k"kksZ dks vkeaf=r djrs jgrs gSA tc rd flj ij dtZ u gks] leL;kvksa vkSj ijs'kkfu;ksa ls f?kjs u jgsa rc rd bUgsa uhan ugha vkrhA pqukSfr;ksa ,oa etcwfj;ksa ls le>kSrk djuk bUgksaus lh[kk ugha&lnSo lkeuk djus ds fy, rRij jgrs gSA

;g lp gS] fd iSlksa ds vHkko ds dkj.k mudk dHkh dksbZ dke :dk ughaA fujk'kk ,oa vlQyrk ls dHkh budk lk{kkRdkj gqvk ughaA fodkl dh ;krukvksa us bUgsa vusd ckj ihfMr fd;k gS] ysfdu ;s fopfyr dHkh ugha gq,A ck/kk,a vusd vkbZ] ysfdu budk O;fäRo dHkh [kafMr ugha gqvkA bUgksaus fn[kk fn;k fd vkneh esa ;fn çfrHkk gks] vVwV vkRe fo'okl gks vkSj la?k"kZ djus dh {kerk gks rks og vkleku dh cqayfn;ksa dks Nw ldrk gSA ckcwth dk thou lkgl ,oa la?k"kZ dh yach dgkuh gSA

ckcwth dk Hkjk iwjk ifjokj gSA ?kj vkSj ckgj lSdM+ksa vkReh;tu ,oa gtkjksa pkgus okys gSaA mUgksaus tc Hkh vkSj tks dqN Hkh pkgk vius iq#"kkFkZ ds cy ij çkIr dj fy;kA bruk lc gksrs gq, Hkh vanj ls os vdsys gSa&fuiV ,dkdhA ,d nnZ muds ºn; ds vUrjre d{k esa fNik gqvk gS] tgka fdlh vkReh;tu dk ços'k Hkh oftZr gSA