tUe&23 ekpZ 1923 ¼[kkij[ksM+k½
e`R;q& 31 fnlEcj 1994 ¼Hkksiky½
ebZ 1976 dks fofn'kk esa e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dk vf/kos'ku ugha gksrk rks Jh ek;kjke lqjtu ls 'kk;n gh ifjp; gks ikrkA og twu 1975 ls Qjojh 1977 rd yxs vkikrdky dk e/;kUg Fkk ftlesa laiw.kZ jk"Vª lUukVs ds [kkSQukd va/ksjs dh fxjr esa jgkA oLrq vkSj okLrq nksuksa gh -f"V;ksa ls vkikrdky ds nkSjku jpk lkfgR; vlk/kkj.k #i ls le`) jgkA oSls vkpk;Z fouksck Hkkos us ml dky dks ,d çdkj dk vuq'kklu ioZ dgk] rks çxfr'khyrk ij vkLFkk j[kus okyksa esa ls ,d oxZ us bl dky dk ekSu leFkZu Hkh fd;kA ,sls xìeì oSpkfjdrk ds e/; ek;kjke lqjtu tSls i=dkj vkSj xka/khoknh fpard viuh Li"V rjQnkjh dh otg ls turk dks lkFk ysdj mls ;FkkfLFkfr ls ifjfpr djus djkus dk dke vius i=dkj O;fäRo ds lkFk fuHkhZd] nkf;Rocks/k ls dj jgs Fks] rks ;g Li"V gS] fd os ml dky dh lsaljf'ki ls gVdj jps tk jgs lkfgR; dks Hkh xkSj ls i<+ gh jgs gksaxs blhfy, 'kk;n Lo;a gksdj esjs ?kj vk;s FksA

blh vkys[k esa ek;kjketh dk bl dky esa esjs ?kj vkus ds lUnHkZ dks mtkxj djrk ,d i= Hkh vki i<+saxs] ysfdu mlds igys eSa muds vkxeu fuxeu dk edln crk nsuk pkgwaxkA njvly ckr ;g Fkh] fd ebZ 1976 dks fofn'kk esa e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dk vf/kos'ku gksuk r; gks x;k rks mlds Lokxrk/;{k ds fy, fofn'kk ds jktusrk Jh fujatu oekZ dk euksu;u gqvkA ;g ek;kjketh dh Loh-fr ls gh gqvk FkkA blls fdlh dks dksbZ vkifÙk ugha FkhA D;ksafd Lokxrk/;{k rks lekjksg rd gh gksrk gSA ysfdu [kkl vkifÙk rc mBh fd ml lekjksg dh v/;{krk djus vk jgs ckcw txthoujke ds ek/;e ls oekZth dkaxszl esa ços'k djus dk ekxZ ç'kLr djuk pkgrs gSaA ;g ppkZ uxj esa tksj ls pyh fd fofn'kk esa vf/kos'ku dh otg gh ;g gS] fd oekZth vius jktuSfrd dk;kUrj.k dh çfØ;k dks lEekutud <ax ls fu"iUu dj ldsaA ;g ckr fdruh lgh Fkh blls eq>s dksbZ eryc ugha ysfdu ;g ckr ,d lPpkbZ #i esa tc QSy xbZ rks ge yksxksa us ¼lkfgR;dkj fe=ksa us½ ml lekjksg esa 'kkfey ugha gksus dk fu.kZ; ys fy;kA ;g fu.kZ; ek;kjketh ds ikl Hkst fn;k x;k D;ksafd bl vf/kos'ku esa mUgsa fof/kor e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dk fuokZfpr v/;{k ?kksf"kr fd;k tkuk FkkA

vf/kos'ku ds pkj N% fnu iwoZ vk;kstu dh O;oLFkk vkfn ds fy, fofn'kk vk;s rks mUgksaus vkrs gh eq>ls feyus dk lekpkj HkstkA eSa muds ikl x;kA os oekZth ds ?kj gh cSBs FksA nksuksa dks ç.kke dj cSB x;kA igyh ckj fey jgk Fkk ek;kjketh lsA oekZth mBdj pys x;s] rks ge nksuksa gh jg x;sA igyh HksaV esa gh eq>s ek;kjketh brus lk/kkj.k iq#"k yxs fd ,sls yksx vc rks çk;% gksrs gh ughaA mudh os'kHkw"kk cksyus dk vkReh; jl ls Hkjk <ax] fu'Ny eqLdku vkSj p'esa ls >kadrh ikjn'khZ -f"V us eq>esa Hkokuh HkkbZ vkSj xka/khth dk feyk tqyk :i Hkko muds çfr tkxk rHkh mUgksaus vf/kos'ku dh tkudkjh ds lkFk lg;ksx djus dk vkxzg fd;kA eSaus mUgsa lkewfgd fu.kZ; dh tkudkjh foLrkj ls nh] rks cksys&rqe ,d dke djks] vkt jkr vkB cts rqe lHkh ds lkFk cSBdj ckrsa dj ysrs gSaA eSaus gka dgk vkSj mUgsa vkB cts esjs fuokl ij vkeaf=r dj ykSV vk;kA ek;kjketh Bhd le; ij ,d lTtu ds lkFk ¼tks esjs fuokl LFkku ls ifjpr Fkk½ vk x;sA fe=x.k igys ls gh esjs ?kj vk pqds FksA cSBd ,dne vukSipkfjd gqbZA lcdh ckrsa lqudj mUgksaus tSls QSlyk nsrs Lojksa esa dgk fd vki yksxksa dh txg eSa Hkh ;gka ¼LFkkuh;½ gksrk rks vkids fu.kZ; ds lkFk gksrkA vki yksx bruk] Hkj djsa fd vk;kstu ds fojks/k esa fdlh rjg dk çn'kZu vkfn u dj viuh vuqifLFkfr Hkj ntZ djk,aA esjh lykg dks vki viuh lykg ekudj lkspsaxs rks fu.kZ; ge lcdk gksxkA esjk Hkh gksxkA bruk dgdj os pqi gks x;sA eSaus eglwl fd;k fd muds psgjs ij ge yksxksa ds vf/kos'ku esa 'kkfey u gks ikus dk volkn vkSj blds çfr muds foo'krk ds Hkko ,d lkFk curs feVrs jgsA os tqcku ls pqi Fks fQj Hkh dkQh cksy jgs FksA vkSj mlls T;knk cksy jgk Fkk mudk LFkk;h eqLdjkgV okyk psgjkA

ek;kjketh ds tkus ds ckn ge yksxksa us muds ijke'kZ dks v{kj'k% viuk cukdj] vf/kos'ku esa ugha tkus dk vafre fu.kZ; dj fy;kA oSls Hkh vkikrdky dh otg ls ge yksxksa esa ls vf/kdka'k fdlh Hkh çdkj ls fojks/k çn'kZu tqywl vkfn ds i{k esa ugha FksA vf/kos'ku esa dbZ jpukdkj vk;s dbZ 'kkfey gq,] dbZ ge yksxksa dh otg ls ugha gq, ysfdu ge yksxksa us fdlh dks Hkh u rks 'kkfey gksus dks çsfjr fd;k] uk gh u gksus dksA vf/kos'ku fuckZ/k laiUu gks x;k vkSj ek;kjketh o"kksaZ ls chekj iM+s e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu ds v/;{k pqu fy, x;sA

lEesyu ds lanHkZ esa ,d ?kVuk dk Lej.k gks jgk gSA ckr e/;çns'k ds LFkkiuk fnol ds ekSds dh gSA u;s e/;çns'k dk xBu gks pqdk Fkk vkSj Hkksiky jkt/kkuh gks xbZ FkhA blds iwoZ ukxiqj jkt/kkuh FkhA ,d uoEcj 1958 dh ckr gSA e/;çns'k ds LFkkiuk fnol ij ns'k ds ç/kkuea=h ia- tokgjyky usg# bl lekjksg ds fy, vk;sA eSa mu fnuksa jk;lsu ftys dh xSjrxat rglhy ds ,d xkao jtiqjk esa f'k{kd FkkA xkao dk ,d yMdk Hkksiky esa i<+rk FkkA og fdlh dke ls ?kj vk;k FkkA mlls irk pyk fd ,d uoEcj dks usg#th Hkksiky vkus okys gSa vkSj yky ijsM ij mudk Hkk"k.k gksxkA eq>s usg#th dks lquus dh çcy bPNk gqbZ rks eSa ml yMds ds lkFk ,d fnu igys Hkksiky vk x;kA mlds lkFk #dk vkSj og eq>s usg#th ds rhu dk;ZØeksa esa viuh lkbfdy ds ihNs cSBkdj ys x;kA og fnu cM+k fofp= vuqHko okyk fnu FkkA ftu rhu vk;kstuksa esa x;k] rhuksa esa dqN u dqN usg#th ds lanHkZ esa ?kfVr gksrs ns[kkA igyk dk;ZØe Fkk lsØsfVª;sV ds eSnku dkA ogka u;k lfpoky; ¼igkM+h ij½ cuuk Fkk rks mlds f'kykU;kl ds lkFk o`{kkjksi.k gksuk FkkA vk;kstu lekIr gksrs gh ge yksx 'kh'kegy vk x;s] tgka fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dk lekjksg Fkk ftldk usg:th dks mn~?kkVu djus tkuk FkkA ogka Hkh ge le; ij igqap x;sA usg#th ds vkrs gh dk;ZØe QVkQV 'kq: gks x;kA tc cksyus dk ekSdk vk;k rks lEesyu ds v/;{k ia- dqathyky nqcs us usg# ds Lokxr esa cksyuk 'kq: djrs gh tkus D;ksa csgn çlUurko'k dgk& vkt cgqr gh [kq'kh dh ckr gS fd gekjs vuqjks/k dks Lohdkj djrs gq, bl ekSds ij LoxhZ; tokgjyky usg# gekjs chp mifLFkr gSaA blds vkxs os cksyrs tk jgs Fks fd rHkh fdlh us mudh tqcku ls fQlys LoxhZ; 'kCn ds fy, VksdkA fQj rks nqcsth dk psgjk ns[kus yk;d FkkA os ckj&ckj {kek ekax jgs Fks] vkSj n'kZd usg:th dk eqLdjkrk psgjk ns[k jgs FksA bl ftOgk& fQlyu dk ftØ rc dbZ fnuksa rd pykA rhljs dk;ZØe esa geus usg#th dks ykyijsM ij vikj HkhM+ dks lacksf/kr djrs lqukA cyk dh eksguh Fkh mudh tqcku esaA fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu okyh og ?kVuk tc eSus ek;kjketh dh fdrkc ^varjax* esa i<+h rks irk pyk fd usg#th dks ml vk;sktu esa ykus dk miØe mudk gh FkkA

^varjax^ esa yxHkx rhl jktusrk] jk"Vª& iq#"k] lektlsoh] lkfgR;dkjksa ds ckjs esa muds laLej.k i<+s rc tkuk fd mUgksaus o/kkZ esa i<+rs gq, fdl rjg dh lehirk xka/khth dh ikbZ vkSj i=dkfjrk djrs gq, fdl rjg usg#th] baafnjkth] jktsUæçlknth vkfn dbZ egkiq#"kksa ls feyrs jgsA varjax i<+rs gq, eq>s muds çfr cuh ml /kkj.kk dks cy feyk tks igyh erZck fofn'kk ds vf/kos'ku ds oä muls feydj gqbZ FkhA mUgksaus viuk O;fäRo futh laLdkjksa ls fufeZr fd;k FkkA vius vki esa vuq'kkflr vkSj vkpj.koku iq#"k] ftUgsa vc ckcwth dgus dk eu lgtHkko ls gks x;k vkSj tc muls i=kpkj 'kq: gqvk rc mUgsa blh lacks/ku ls igyk i= muds ml i= ds mÙkj esa fn;k] ftlesa mUgksaus eq>s viuh dk;Zdkfj.kh ds varxZr ,d lnL; :i esa 'kkfey djus dh Loh-fr pkghA bl i= esa mUgksaus Lo;a fy[kk fd ;fn Loh-fr ugha Hkh nsaxs rks Hkh ge bls rqEgkjh Loh-fr gh ekusaxsA ;kuh fd os tksj nsdj eq>s e/;çns'k lkfgR; lEesyu ds varxZr lnL; :i esa j[kus dk eu cuk gh pqds FksA bl i= dk mÙkj nsuk ek= vkSipkfjd gh jg x;k FkkA rks Hkh eSaus Loh-fr Hkstus ds lkFk ;g Hkh fy[kk fd vkius tc lnL; cukus dk r; dj gh fy;k gS] rks ;g crkb;s fd ogka vkdj eq>s dkSu ls rhj ekjuk gS dqN blh rjg dh ckr fy[kh FkhA tc eSa lEesyu lfefr dh igyh cSBd esa 'kkfey gqvk rks ckcwth ¼ek;kjketh½ us esjk i= cSBd esa i<dj lquk;k vkSj cgqr gh vkReh;Hkko ls esjk Lokxr dj lHkh dks ifjp; fn;kA

blds ckn ls ek;kjketh ds fy, eSa vkSj os esjs fy, ek= ifjfpr ugha jgs varjax Hkh gks x;sA xk<+h gksrh tk jgh bl varjaxrk ls esjs eu esa mudks lacksf/kr djus ds fy, ckcwth 'kCn Lor% tqcku ij p<+ x;kA nks ,d cSBdksa ds ckn vkSj nks ,d lekjksgksa esa f'kjdr djrs gq, eSaus ns[kk fd os çk;% lHkh ds }kjk ckcwth lacks/ku ls lacksf/kr fd;s tkrs gSaA rc eq>s yxk fd dksbZ O;fä vius deZ vius I;kj vkSj vius O;ogkj ls fdruksa dk vknj ik ysrk gSA vPNs ls vPNs fo'ofo|ky; ls çkIr mikf/k;ksa ls Hkh cM+h mikf/k yksd }kjk nh tkrh gSA ftls dksbZ ugha Nhu ldrkA xka/khth jk"Vªfirk ;wa gh ugha dgs x;sA os lcds fy, lqyHk FksA blfy, tks Hkh muds ikl tkrk og muls fir`or I;kj ikrkA jk"VªO;kih fir`RoHkko ds dkj.k jk"Vªfirk jgs xka/khthA

vc ckcwth ls esjk i=kpkj 'kq: gks x;k vkSj /khjs&/khjs os esjs eu esa mBrs gq, lokyksa ls Hkjus yxs rks mUgksaus muds mÙkj nsuk 'kq: dj fn;kA vkt tc mu ij ;g vkys[ku dj jgk gwa rks eSaus dkQh [kkstk fd muls gq, i=kpkj esa ls muds i= fey tk,a rks eq>s ek= nl i= ¼tks gjnk ls fd;s x;s½ gh feysA jktx<+ ls gq, i=kpkj ugha feysA ogka ls VªkalQj gksdj tc gjnk 1987 esa vk;k rks bl dky ls 94 rd ds ek= nl i= gh feysA buesa lcls igyk i= ;g gS tks mUgksaus esjs }kjk çsf"kr c/kkbZ ds mÙkj esa fy[kk FkkA

ns'kcU/kq ifjlj
jkelkxj ikjk jk;iqj eç
uoEcj 18] 1987

fç;] çse HkkbZ]
i=dkfjrk esa Js"B ;ksxnku ds fy, vky bafM;k vkfVZLV ,lksfl,'ku f'keyk }kjk Lo- cyjkt lkguh jk"Vªh; lEeku gsrq esjs p;u ij vkidk 'kqHkdkeuk lans'k feykA le> ugha ik jgk] fd fdu 'kCnksa esa vkHkkj O;ä d:aA

Hkfo"; esa Hkh vius ekxZ ls fopfyr u gks ldwa bl mís'; dh iwfrZ esa vkidh 'kqHkdkeuk,a esjk lacy cus

iqu% vkHkkj lfgrA
vkidk
ek;kjke lqjtu

blds ckn Hkksiky vkSj jk;iqj esa gq, vf/kos'kuksa esa muds lkFk jgus ds volj vk;sA bu HkhM+&HkkM+ okys vk;kstuksa esa ckcwth dHkh Hkh fdlh Hkh gkyr esa fof'k"V #i ls ugha jgsA lcds lkFk [kkrs&ihrs] mBrs&cSBrs] lksrs] xfi;krsA ;g ugha fd fdlh gksVy esa Bgj tk;saA vLoLFk n'kk esa Hkh os ge lHkh ds lkFk BgjrsA vkSj dke rks os yksxksa esa bl rjg ckaVrs fd çR;sd O;fä vius vuqdwy dke ikdj mRlkg ls tqV tkrkA blh nkSjku mUgksaus ,d vf}rh; ;kstuk dks :i ns MkykA vf}rh; blfy, fd 'kk;n gh bl rjg dk vk;kstu dHkh fdlh laLFkku] vdkneh ;k vkJeksa us fd;k gksA rc NÙkhlx<+ i`Fkd jkT; ugha gqvk FkkA ckcwth us vius O;fäxr laidksa ls [kSjkx<+ esa ledkyhu fgUnh dfork ij dsfUær ^_rqlagkj* 'kh"kZd ls 21 ls 24 ebZ 1989 dks vk;sktu j[kkA [kSjkx<+ ds bafnjk dyk laxhr fo'ofo|ky; ifjlj esa lEiUu bl vk;kstu esa iwjs ns'k ls ledkyhu fgUnh dfork dh rhu ihf<;ksa ds 36 egRoiw.kZ dfo;ksa rFkk ofj"B vkykspdksa us f'kjdr dj] ledkyhu fgUnh dfork ds vusd i{kksa ij dfork ikB ds lkFk l?ku foe'kZ fd;kA _rqlagkj dk çFke l= dk mn~?kkVu lknxhiw.kZ fdUrq xfjeke; jgk ftldh v/;{krk fgUnh lEesyu ds v/;{k ckcwth us dh vkSj mn~?kkVu fd;k ofj"B vkykspd vkSj dfo çeksn oekZ usA bl l= esa loZJh gfjukjk;.k O;kl] jkefoykl 'kekZ] os.kqxksiky] fouksndqekj 'kqDy rFkk nsohçlkn feJ us dfork ikB fd;kA çeksn oekZ us vius mn~cks/ku esa fgUnh dfo;ksa dks viuh ijEijk ls tqMdj l`tujr jgus dk vkOgku djrs gq, dfork ikB djus okys dfo;ksa dh jpukvksa ij fVIi.kh dhA blds igys laxhr fo'ofo|ky;] [kSjkx<+ ds mi dqyifr Jh foeysUnq eq[kthZ us vius Lokxr Hkk"k.k esa vius fo'ofo|ky; ifjlj esa gksus okys bl vk;kstu dks dkO; vkSj laxhr dykvksa dk vn~Hkqr lEesyu dgdj] bls ,d ,sfrgkfld vk;kstu fu#fir djrs gq, crk;k] fd fgalk] fo"kerk] 'kks"k.k&vkrad] vyxko vkSj vekuoh; ço`fÙk;ksa ls lkfgR; vkSj dykvksa us lnk lkeuk fd;k gS] tks lnSo tkjh jgsxkA vfHkO;fä ds reke [krjs mBkdj Hkh dfork dHkh [kRe ugha gksrhA vius v/;{kh; mn~cks/ku esa ckcwth us e/;çns'k esa lkfgR; lalkj ds varxZr ubZ ih<+h ds fuekZ.k rFkk vuqdwy okrkoj.k dks fufeZr djus dh fn'kk esa e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu }kjk fd;s tk jgs jpukRed dk;ksaZ dh tkudkjh nhA blds i'pkr laxhr fo'ofo|ky; dh Nk=kvksa }kjk çLrqr 'kkL=h; xk;u us lHkh dks Loj& lekf/k esa yhu dj fn;kA

ge yksxksaa dks Nk=kokl esa Bgjk;k x;k FkkA lHkh ,d lkFk ,d okrkoj.k esa& lHkh vyx&vyx txgksa ls vyx &vyx #fp;ksa LoHkkoksa vkSj lksgcrksa ls vk;s yksx Fks tks ,d lkFk ,d gh dSail esa jgsA ckcwth Hkh gekjs lkFk] rks ,d ,slk ikfjokfjd okrkoj.k lgt #i ls fufeZr gks x;k fd fdlh dks fdlh ls D;k djks D;k u djks tSlk dgus dh vko';drk gh ugha iM+hA tSls ifjokj esa ,d çdkj ds laLdkjxr varj&vuq'kklu esa lHkh lnL; vius&vius LoHkko ds vuqlkj jgrs gq, ikfjokjh& xBu dks cuk;s j[krs gSa] oSls ge lHkh pkj fnu rhu jkr lkFk jgs& vU;Fkk nks ckSf)d ,d lkFk pkj ?kaVs&rhu fefuV Hkh 'kkafr ls ugha jg ldrs gSaA rhuksa fnu rks fnu Hkj dk;ZØe esa O;Lr jgrs] 'kke dks dksbZ u dksbZ lkaL-frd vk;kstu jgrk vkSj jkr esa Hkkstu ds ckn lHkh vius&vius iyax ckgj fudkydj dSail ds eSnku esa xIisa ekjrs dfork,a lqurs&lqukrs] lewg xhr xkrs eLrkrs tkus dc lks tkrsA ge lcds lkFk ,d dksus esa ckcwth] çeksn oekZ] gfjukjk;.k O;kl vkSj ogha dgha eSa Hkh vius&vius iyaxksa ij iljs gq, xfi;krs gq, tkus dc lks tkrsA ogka dk og okrkoj.k eq>s ges'kk xkao esa [kfV;k Mkydj lks;s&lks;s ckrsa djrs gq, uhan dh xksn esa ysVs fnuksa dh ;kn fnykrk jgkA [kSjkx<+ ds os pkj fnu eq>ls dHkh Hkh foLe`r ugha gq,A

lkfgR;dkj Hkh dksbZ de ugha Fks tks ,d lkFk jgsA vkt ;s lHkh 'kh"kZLFk ltZdksa ds :i esa ekU; gSaA gekjs lkFk fo'oukFk f=ikBh] çeksn oekZ] deyk çlkn] vkse Hkkjrh] jekdkarth tSls leh{kd Fks rks fouksndqekj 'kqDy] ç;kx 'kqDy] jkts'k tks'kh] fou; nqcs] os.kqxksiky] v#.k dey] ujs'k lDlsuk] jkefoykl 'kekZ] yfyr lqjtu] iw.kZpUæ jFk] jfo JhokLro] ey; vkSj jktsUæ 'kekZ tSls dfo vkSj u;ksa esa dqekj vacqt] çrkijko dne] eksgu Mgsfj;k] vkyksd oekZ] thou ;nq] ohjk] uoy 'kqDy] vkfn FksA mn~?kkVu l= ls ysdj ikapos l= rd dkO; ikB rFkk ppkZ dk flyflyk pyrk jgkA vafre fnu lekiu l=] ftlesa fo'oukFk f=ikBhth us ledkyhu dfork ds ifj-'; dks vk/kkj cukdj vk;kstu dh dforkvksa ij fVIi.kh dhA ç;kx 'kqDy us dgk fd _rqlagkj ds vk;kstu ls ,d ckr Li"V -f"Vxkspj gqbZ fd vusdkusd yksx dfork ls laidZ j[krs gSaA ujs'k lDlsuk us Hkk"kk dks thou nsus ds fy, dk;Z djus dh vfuok;Zrk ij tksj nsrs gq, dgk fd deZ ds fcuk dfork thfor ugha jg ldsxhA _rqlagkj ,sls deZ dk vuqdj.kh; vk;kstu fl) gqvk gSA v#.k dey us çFke ckj bl vk;kstu ds ek/;e ls ledkyhu fgUnh dfork ifj-'; esa ubZ ih<+h ds çHkkoh :i ls lkeus vkus ij g"kZ O;ä fd;kA var esa lEesyu ds v/;{k :i esa vkHkkj çdV djrs gq,] ckcwth us 'kCnksa vkSj Hkk"kk esa gks jgs voewY;u ij fpark çdV djrs gq, lekt rFkk jktuhfr esa viuh egÙkk LFkkfir djus ds fy, jpukdkjksa ls la?k"kZ djus dk vkOgku fd;kA

eSa 'kke dh xkM+h ls gjnk ykSV vk;k] ysfdu esjh vka[kksa ds lkeus ls _rqlagkj dh gj l= dh gypyksa] jkr ds [kqys eSnku esa iyax ij ysVs pkan dks ns[kdj >ifd;ka ysrs lks tkus ds] liuksa ds -'; vks>y ugha gq,A blh eu%fLFkfr esa ckcwth dks i= fy[kk ftldk laf{kIr mÙkj ckcwth us bl rjg fn;k%

ns'kcU/kq
jkelkxj ikjk] jk;iqj
twu 28&1989

fç; HkkbZ]
çks- isze'kadj j?kqoa'kh ueLdkj]
rqEgkjk 31 ebZ dk i= feykA viuh ç'kalk fdls vPNh ugha yxrh gS esjs lkFk Hkh ;gh gqvkA

rFkkfi ;g Hkh vuqHko fd;k fd mlesa vfrjatuk gks x;hA dgka xka/kh vkSj dgka eSa\ vR;f/kd vkReh; {k.kksa esa Hkkoqdrko'k ,slk gks tkuk vLokHkkfod ugha gSA


lEesyu tks dqN dj ik jgk gS] og ,d lefiZr Vhe ds dkj.k gh laHko gqvk gSA mldk Js; flQZ eq>s ugha] lc lg;ksfx;ksa dks tkrk gSA bruk t:j gS] fd dksbZ vk;kstu lQy gksrk gS rks vkRelarks"k gksrk gSA

vk'kk gS çlUu gksA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

ckcwth dk ;g i= Mkd foHkkx us vkjke ls HkstkA i<dj laf{kIr fdUrq fo'kn dh xqatkb'k ls Hkjs blds mÙkj esa eSaus foyac u dj muds gh varnsZ'kh; i= ds ihNs mUgsa rqjar ;g fy[k fn;kA vkSj dkyst ls ?kj ykSVdj bls mrkjdj mUgsa i= Mky fn;kA ;g vPNk gh jgk fd bl cgkus esjs i= dk og etewu ;gka ns ldk] rkfd esjs }kjk fn;s tk jgs i=ksa dh rklhj le>h tk lds vkSj muds vk/kkj ij ckcwth ds mÙkj ns[ks tk ldsA eSaus fy[kk

gjnk
15-7-89
J)s; ckcwth]
lknj çek.k
vkidk 26-6 dk VkbIM i= feykA gks lds rks vc mÙkj gkFk ls vkSj ftruk pkgsa] foLrkj ls fyf[k,xkA oä ij dke dk gksxkA

ckcwth] i= esa eSaus xka/kh okyh ckr ;wa gh ugha fy[kh Fkh] fd çR;qÙkj esa vkius fy[kk gS vR;f/kd vkReh; {k.kksa esa Hkkoqdrk o'k ,slk gks tkuk vLokHkkfod ugha gSA ckcwth] eSa mu ek;kjketh dks tkurk gwa ftuls esjh igyh HksaV vkikrdky ds nkSjku fofn'kk esa gq, fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu ds vk;kstu ds iwoZ gqbZ Fkh vkSj tks oekZth ds cgdkoksa ds ckotwn esjh NksVh ls dksBjh esa lHkh çeq[k LFkkuh; jpukdfeZ;ksa dks ,d= dj ge lcdh vkokt cus Fks] tcfd mUgsa rS'k esa vkuk FkkA vkSj vkikrdky ds M.Ms dk Hk; fn[kkuk FkkA ,slk mUgksaus blfy, fd;k fd os ,d fopkjoku] ,d foosd'khy fopkj.kk ls cus vkSj mlls jps cls O;fäRo Fks] tks 'kq) vfgalk vkSj 'kkafr ij fuHkZj gSA rc ls vkt rd eSaus ml O;fä dks fujarj deZB gh ik;kA eSa rks tksj nsdj dguk pkgwaxk fd ftUgksaus xka/kh dks u ns[kk gks] og bl O;fä dks Bhd ls ns[k ysa cfYd xka/kh dk fodkl Hkh blesa ns[k ysa D;ksafd xka/kh dk fodkl çxfr'khy psruk dks fujarj vkRelkr dj mls cpk, j[kus esa gSA gka eS ekurk gwa fd dke Vhe ls gksrk gS fdUrq ge vkids lkFk D;ksa cus\ dksbZ nwljk D;ksa u cuk ik;k\ LoLFk gksaxsA

lknj
çse'kadj j?kqoa'kh

FkksM+s fnuksa ckn esjs mä i= dk mÙkj nsrs gq, ckcwth us fy[kk mlesa nsj ls mÙkj nsus dh otg] xka/kh okyh ckr dks lekfIr dh ?kks"k.kk] fofn'kk ds ,d lekjksg esa x;s rks ogka fofn'kk ds vf/kos'ku dh gekjh igyh HksaV dk Lej.k vkSj deykth ds vuqt çeksn rFkk vuqt o/kq eatw dh vkRegR;k dh lwpuk ls Hkjk ;g i= vk;kA

fç; HkkbZ çse'kadj ns'kcU/kq
ueLdkj jkelkxj ikjk jk;iqj
18 uoEcj 1989

rqeus lkspk gksxk fd rqEgkjk 15 tqykbZ dk i= eq>s ugha feykA nj vly og le; ij gh fey x;k FkkA mÙkj nsus esa blfy, foyac gqvk fd rqe pkgrs Fks fd esjk gLrfyf[kr i= gh rqEgsa feysA vkSj og yack Hkh gks] pkgs nsj gh D;ksa u gks tk;sA dksbZ fof'k"V çlax gh gks rks esjk i= yack gksrk gSA vU;Fkk ftruk laf{kIr fy[k ldaw mlls dke pyk ysrk gwaA

xka/khth ls esjh rqyuk dk lanHkZ ;gha lekIr dj nsuk mfpr gSA vfr&ç'kalk ls çekn mRiUu gksrk gSA ge yksx mlls cprs jgsa ;gh vHkh"V gSA rqe lc yksxksa dk lg;ksx fey tkrk gS] blfy, lEesyu dk dke gks x;kA vU;Fkk ,d O;fä dh D;k fclkr\

13 uoEcj dks fofn'kk x;k Fkk] HkkbZ fot;cgknqj flag ds lq>ko ij eq>s lezkV v'kksd rduhdh egkfo|ky; esa usg: 'krkCnh ds volj ij vkeaf=r fd;k x;k FkkA blds iwoZ ogka loZJh fo".kq çHkkdj] çHkkdj ekpos vkSj jktkjke 'kkL=h ¼dk'kh½ tSls fo}ku vius fopkj çLrqr dj vk;s FksA eq>s tc ;g lwpuk feyh rks ,d LokHkkfod ?kcjkgV lh eglwl gqbZA ysfdu tc igqap gh x;k Fkk rks dqN dguk Hkh t:jh FkkA [kqn fo'okl ugha gks jgk Fkk fd D;k cksy x;k vkSj ;g vk'kadk Fkh fd fot;cgknqj dh dlkSVh ij [kjk mrjk ;k ughaA blfy, vius LoHkko ds foijhr muls gh iwN fy;k fd esjk oäO; dSlk jgkA mUgksaus jk; nh vis{kk ls vf/kd lqanj] rks eu vk'oLr gqvkA okLro esa viuh ugha mudh çfr"Bk dk Hk; FkkA

fofn'kk x;k rks 1976 ebZ 19 dk Lej.k gksuk LokHkkfod FkkA lEesyu ds fofn'kk vf/kos'ku ls gh ge yksx djhc vk;sA rqEgkjk og dejk Hkh ;kn gks vk;k ftlesa cSBdj rqe yksxksa dks eukus dk ç;Ru fd;k FkkA rc ;g Hkys gh lEHko u gks ik;k gks] gks Hkh tkrk rks 'kk;n rkRdkfydA {kf.kd lek/kku gksrk ijarq ml vlQy ç;kl dh uhao [kwc iDdh tehA rqeus vius i= esa mldk ftØ fd;k gS blfy;s fofn'kk ds bl çokl esa lkjs -'; vka[kksa esa mrj vk;sA fQj ;g Hkh D;k la;ksx gS fd fot; cgknqjth vkSj ge vyx&vyx lkfgfR;d [kseksa esa gksdj Hkh dHkh fdlh dVqrk dk vuqHko ugha dj jgs A

,d cqjh [kcj 'kk;n rqeus lqu yh gks HkkbZ deykçlkn ds vuqt çeksn o mudh iRuh eatw us dksbZ 8&10 fnu igys Nrjiqj esa ,d ds ckn ,d vkRegR;k dj yhA deyk çlkn dh gkyr jksxh tSlh gks x;h gSA ijlksa gh lruk esa muls fey dj vk;k gwaA o`)k eka dh gkyr D;k c;ku dh tk;sA ihNs ,d 14 o"kZ dk csVk vkSj 10 o"kZ dh fcfV;k NksM+ x;s gSaA os dgrs gSa fd cM+s ikik us ¼deyk çlkn½ ikik dks ikyk ikslk Fkk] vc gesa Hkh ikysaxs&ikslsaxsA rqEgsa vxj ;g lekpkj u feyk gks rks uhps fn;s irs ij 'kksd i= fy[k nsukA

M‚- deyk çlkn lh/vks ns'kcU/kq dk;kZy; [ksjekbZ jksM lruk

vc dqN vkSj fy[kus dk eu ugha gks jgkA vk'kk gS rqe lifjokj lkuan gksA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

bl i= ls ckcwth ds O;fäRo dh vdqafBr ekufldrk rks HkVdkrh gS] mudh cM+h fpark,a vkSj lekjksgksa esa 'kkfey gksdj viuh Hkwfedk ds Bhd ls laiUu gksus dh lko/kkuh Hkh Li"V gksrh gSA ckcwth dksbZ cM+s vkneh blfy, ugha Fks fd os vius gkFk esa ,dne ls cM+s dke ys ysaA os NksVs&NksVs dkeksa dks gkFk esa ysdj lcds lkFk feydj mUgsa iwjk dj ysus ds dkj.k cM+s vkneh FksA tSlk fd mUgksaus çeksn vkSj mudh iRuh ds nq[kn lekpkj ml ifjokj dks lkURouk nsus dk fy[kk] ,slk vkSjksa dks Hkh fy[kk gksxkA ;g lkekftd Hkko gS tks lq[k nq[k esa 'kkfey gksdj O;fä esa leL;kvksa ls mcjus dh 'kfä nsrk gSA eSa rks ckcwth ds i= ikus ds igys gh lruk gks vk;k FkkA çeksn ls esjh ,d gh HksaV lkfgR; lEesyu ds vk;kstu esa gqbZ FkhA laHkoukvksa ls Hkjk O;fäRo Fkk mldk] tkus D;k gks x;k Fkk fd mlus vkSj mldh iRuh us Hkkokos'k esa vkdj vius thou dks lekIr djus dk fueZe QSlyk ys fy;kA blds ckn ckcwth ls lruk esa ns'kcU/kq }kjk vk;ksftr lekjksg esa fQj HksaV gqbZ rks muds gh lkFk deykth ds ?kj mudh ekrkth ls feydj ge yksxksa us mUgsa 'kksd ls mckjus dk ç;Ru fd;kA

lkfgfR;d lekjksgksa vkfn esa vkuk&tkuk vkSj ifjokj ds dkeksa esa O;Lr jgk vk;k rks ckcwth ls i=kpkj u gks ldk] ysfdu tSls gh mUgsa ;g irk pyk fd eSa Jherhth ds ,d cM+s vkijs'kuo'k ijs'kku jgk rks mudk i= vk;kA

ns'kcU/kq
jkelkxj ikjk] jk;iqj
22 vxLr 1990

fç; HkkbZ çse'kadj ueLdkjA
yxkrkj HkkxnkSM+ esa i= u ns ik;kA rqEgkjs ifjokj esa gksus okys vkijs'ku gks x;s gksaxsA eSa muds LokLF; dh dkeuk djrk gwaA ;ksa ifjokj ,slh bdkbZ gS ftldk pkgs ftruk foLrkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA fe=ksa iM+ksfl;ksa vkSj ifjfprksa dks rks mlesa 'kkfey ekuk gh tk ldrk gSA

esjs ckjs esa rqeus vkSj vU; fe=ksa us Hkh <sj lh /kkj.kk,a cuk j[kh gSA dksbZ dke vdsys rks ugha fd;k tk ldrkA lgk;dksa dh Vhe gS tks gkFkksa&gkFk esjh ftEesnkfj;ka >sy ysrh gS vkSj Js; eq>s fey tkrk gSA oLrqr% ;g ,d lewps ifjokj ds lg;ksx ls gh lEHko gks ikrk gS] ijarq lp ;g gS] fd eSa vc lHkh çdkj dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls vodk'k ysuk pkgrk gwa& u rks 'kjhj esa {kerk jgh vkSj u eu esa mRlkgA tks dqN djuk iM+rk gS og 'kk;n foo'krk gSA

eq>s ;kn gS] fd igys rqeus ,d i= fy[kk Fkk] ftlesa vis{kk dh Fkh fd eSa vius gkFkksa gh mldk mÙkj nawA eSaus oSlk fd;k Hkh FkkA og i= rqEgsa feyk gksxk vkSj ;g i= Hkh blhfy, vius gLrys[k ls Hkst jgk gwaA eq>ls i=kpkj djus dh rqEgkjh bPNk rks Bhd gS ysfdu eSa mÙkj D;k nwaxk\ lkfgR; ds ckjs esa esjk Kku cgqr lhfer gSA vkSj orZeku lkfgR; ij rks yxHkx 'kwU;] rc gekjs i=kpkj ds fo"k; D;k gksaxsA ikfjokfjd ppkZ Hkh cgqr vf/kd ugha gks ldrh rFkkfi rqEgkjs i= vk;saxs rks nsj&lcsj mÙkj t:j nwaxk] rks i=kpkj 'kq: dj ldrs gksA vk'kk gSA


rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

mudk ;g i= ikrs gh eSaus muds i= dk ;g mÙkj fn;k ¼bl i= dh dkcZu dkQh gS rks ns jgk gwaA½%

28-08-1990
J)s; ckcwth
lknj oUnu

vkidk 28-08 dk i= feykA gk¡] eSaus vki ls vius gkFkksa fy[ks i= dh gh çrh{kk dh gS] tks vki iwjh dj jgs gSaA vkius i=kpkj 'kq: djus dh ykbu fDy;j Hkh dj fn;k gSA vc LVs'ku ij vf/kd çrh{kk xUrO; rd igqapus ds fy, ugha djuk iM+sxhA

vkius fuLladksp ;g O;ä fd;k gS] lkfgR; ds ckjs esa esjk Kku cgqr lhfer gS vkSj orZeku lkfgR; ij rks yxHkx 'kwU; rc gekjs i=kpkj ds fo"k; D;k gksaxs\ ckcwth eSa bl çdkj ds ipM+s esa u rks iM+waxk u vkidks fdlh gh rjg dh ijs'kkuh esa MkywaxkA esjs eu esa vkids O;fäRo dh Nki ,d lk/kkj.k vkneh dh gS tks viuh lgtrk esa vlk/kkj.k gSA [kSj] bruk dg nwa fd eSaus Qkby cuk yh gS esjk i=kpkj u rks fdlh i= if=dk ds fy, gS uk fdlh 'kks/kkFkhZ dh dke pykÅ o`fÙk tSlk gSA ;g dkQh lksp le>dj dqN Bksl djus dh yyd ls okLrk rks j[ksxk ghA vc ç'u dj jgk gwaA ,d ckj esa ,d gh d:axk fQj i=kpkj djrs gq, dHkh&dHkh ,dkf/kdkj vkSj c<+ ldrk gSA ç'u dk mÙkj vki iwjs foLrkj ls nhft;sA dHkh dHkkj gesa loky dkQh NksVs vkSj Vkyw Hkh yx ldrs gSaA vki ç'u dh ea'kk ds ekfQd mÙkj nsaxs] bldk iwjk Hkjkslk gSA vki vius tUe ds ckn ls viuh f'k{kk iwjh djus rd ds vius bl dky ds thou ds ckjs esa ;fn furkar ,dkUr esa cSBdj lkspuk 'kq: djsa rks] og ckY;dky dh Le`fr rjaxksa ds lkFk 'kS'kodky rd gh ;knnk'rksa esa fdl çdkj Øec) gksdj çLrqr gksxk\ mlh dky ds Hkko] Hkk"kk ds lkFk fjd‚y djds] oSlh gh eu%fLFkfr esa vkdj loky dk tokc nsaxs rks etk vk;sxk Hkh] bldk mÙkj lw>s] fy[kuk 'kq: dj nhft,xk vkSj lh/ks iksLV dj nhft,xk vkSj dksbZ mÙkj Hkh fn;k gS] ;g Hkwy tk,axsA

vkidk
çse'kadj j?kqoa'kh


ml le; ckcwth jketUe Hkwfe laca/kh fookn ds lanHkZ esa fofo/k laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls /keZfujis{k jk"Vªh;rkoknh -f"Vdks.k dks O;kid cukus ds çLrko ikfjr djkus esa yxs FksA fQj Mkd dh vO;oLFkko'k mudk mÙkj ugha feyk u esjk Lej.k i= gh mUgsa feykA fdUrq Hkokuhçlkn feJ vkSj muesa LoHkkoxr lekurk dks ysdj tks dkMZ fn;k Fkk] og fey x;kA mlesa D;k fy[kk Fkk ysfdu ml dkMZ dk ;g yack i= mUgksaus fn;k og ;FkkorA

ns'kcU/kq
jkelkxj ikjk] jk;iqj
9 tuojh] 1991

fç; j?kqoa'kh ueLdkj
rqEgkjk 30-12-90 dk i= feykA yxHkx lok eghuk yxkrkj ckgj Fkk rqEgkjs i= ls] ikfjokfjd ijs'kkfu;ksa ls ifjfpr gqvkA [kSj bl nkf;Ro dk fuokZg Hkh djuk gh iM+rk gSA vk'kk gS vc lc Bhd Bkd gSA

esjk fiNyk i= rqEgsa ugha fey ldk];g Mkd forj.k O;oLFkk dk nks"k gSA nq[k ;gh gS fd ge dqN dj Hkh rks ugha ldrsA vkSj rqEgkjk i= jk;iqj Hkst fn;k] ogha lc i=kpkj Qkby gksrk gSA vc mldk D;k mÙkj nwaA jk;iqj tkÅaxk rc ns[kwaxkA oSls rqeus fy[kk gh gS dkQh dqN eqíksa dk mÙkj ns'kcU/kq esa Ni x;k gSA

Lo- Hkokuh HkkbZ ds çlax esa rqEgkjs fopkjksa ls vxor gqvkA muls esjk igyk ifjp; rc gqvk tc os efgykJe o/kkZ esa v/;kid FksA gekjs Nk=kokl ds utnhd gh mudk fuokl Fkk fQj esjh gks'kaxkckn okyh HkkoukA tc rc HksaV gks tk;k djrh FkhA yxHkx oSlh gh tSlh ,d f'k{kd vkSj Nk= ds chpA uoHkkjr] tcyiqj esa vkus ds ckn bu fj'rksa esa t:j cnyko vk;k] ,d ofj"B l{ke jpukdkj vkSj ,d lEiknd tSlkA

;g Bhd gS fd rqeus muds vfHkuUnu ij 3&4 o"kZ yxk MkysA {ks=h; Hkkoqdrk gh lgh] og Bhd gqvkA os e/;çns'k ls yxHkx dV pqds FksA fnYyh esa muls T;knk egku lkfgR;&O;fäRo dk teko FkkA bl gkyr esa ;g dke e/;çns'k esa gh gks ldrk Fkk] fnYyh esa ughaA oLrqr% e/;çns'k esa Hkh rqEgkjh Hkkokdqyrk ds dkj.k ;g laHko gks x;kA vU;Fkk mldh laHkkouk Hkh ugha FkhA ;k deh FkhA os dqN ns ugha] ys ldrs FksA mlls T;knk mfpr ;g gqvk fd rqeus mldh dkeuk ugha dhA muds ys[ku ls rks ge lHkh çHkkfor jgs gSaA eSaus vkikrdky ds nkSjku mudh dfork,a lquh gSaA dHkh&dHkh muds O;ogkj esa vkMEcj ds n'kZu Hkh gq, gSaA

fQj mudh esjh lknxh ;k lân;rk vkSj muds O;fäRo dks rkSyuk ugha pkfg;sA ftl oSHko dks rqe esjk le> jgs gks njvly og esjk gS ugha] ns'kcU/kq ;k fd ubZ nqfu;k jk;iqj dk çdk'ku] fe=ksa ds lg;ksx ls laHko gks ik;kA esjs ikl rks uoHkkjr NksMus ij dkuh dksM+h Hkh ugha FkhA tks dqN çxfr mUufr gqbZ mlesa esjh cqf) vkSj Je dk Js; t:j gSA ckdh lc rks xkao rsjk uke esjk] okyh mfä dks gh pfjrkFkZ djrk gSA eSa bl Hkkouk ls bruk nck eglwl djrk jgrk gaw fd dHkh ;g vuqHko ugha dj ikrk fd ;g lc esjk gSA 'kk;n blhfy, fouezrk dk ik[k.M djrk jgrk gawA rqEgkjs tSls lnHkkoh fe= mldk tks Hkh vFkZ dj ysaA

bykgkckn esa rqels HksaV gqbZ] mlds ckn ;g igyk i=kpkj gSA varjax rqeus i<+h gksxhA tuojh esa eq[;ea=h e/;çns'k ds Hkh çdkf'kr gks jgh gSA ok.kh çdk'ku lsA ifjokj esa lcls uoo"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeukA 'ks"k dq'ky 16 tuojh rd ;gka gaw fQj Qjojh çkjaHk esa ykSVwaxkA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

iqu% 21 tuojh dks fcfV;k ds fookg esa ugha vk ikÅaxk fiifj;k esa gekjs ifjokj esa gh ,d fookg gSA 17 Qjojh dks gjnk igqapwaxkA Hkrhts dh ckjkr ysdj&t;ukjk;.kth eawnM+k ds ;gkaA dgk] pyks ckjkr esa 'kkfey gksuk gSA py fn;kA ckcwth dk ;g i= ikdj eq>s dbZ çdkj dk larks"k gqvk&igyk rks ;gh fd eSa tks dqN muds O;fäRo ds ckjs esa] muls gh pkgrk jgk] og dkQh Li"V vkSj fcuk fNiko ds mUgksaus ns'kcU/kq esa foLrkj ls fy[k fn;kA tc feys rks crk;k ;g lc rqEgkjs }kjk mdlkus ij gks ldk] fQj Hkh dqN vkSj iwNuk pkgrs gks rks crkvksA vc esa D;k crkrk vkSj cpk&[kqpk rks Åij ds i= esa fy[k fn;kA

Hkokuh HkkbZ ds O;fäRo lkfgR; lk/kuk vkSj LoHkko ds ckjs esa gh fdlh vU; us brus la{ksi esa bruk [kqydj dgk gks vkSj vius ml oSHko ds ckjs esa Hkh tks mUgksaus viuh cqf) vksj Je ds cy ij vftZr fd;k& Kkr ughaA vkSj djus ds ckn mls viuk u ekudj lcds lg;ksx dk urhtk ekukA rHkh jk;iqj esa lEesyu dh dk;Zdkfj.kh dh cSBd dk vkea=.k feyk tks fdlh vk;kstu esa Hkh 'kkfey gksus dh -f"V ls FkkA ogka nks fnu lHkh lnL; fe=ksa ds lkFk jgus dk volj feykA ckcwth vius ?kj rHkh tkrs tc lksus dk le; gks tkrkA ykSVrs fnu lHkh lnL;ksa dks vius fuokl ¼jk;iqj fuokl½ ij pk; uk'rk ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;kA lc tkus yxs rks eq>s jksd fy;kA cksys rqeus eq>ls og fy[kok fy;k tks eSa 'kk;n gh mi;qä ekudj fy[kus dh lksprkA vius ckjs esa FkksM+k lk fy[k tkuk ,d çdkj ls nwljksa }kjk Hkzeiw.kZ fy[kus ds ctk; Bhd gksrk gSA ojuk vfrjsd esa rks yksx D;k ugha dgrs vkSj D;k ugha fy[krs] ;g ge tkurs gSaA rHkh muds cM+s csVs yfyr lqjtu m/kj ls fudys rks ckcwth us ifjp; djk;kA yfyr us crk;k fd vkils feyuk pkgrk FkkA lksprk Fkk vki dkQh çkS<+ gksaxs] eSa rks vkids xhrksa dk ikBd rc ls gwa tc ge dkyst esa i<+rs gq, vkids xhr i<dj ys[ku dh çsj.kk ikrs FksA eq>s ;g lqudj vPNk yxkA ckcwth gekjh ckrsa lqurs gq, eqLdjkrs jgsA blds ckn yfyr esjs brus djhc vk x;s fd vc rks eq>s ;g dguk T;knk vPNk yxus yxk gS] fd eSa yfyr ds cgqr djhc gwaA yfyr ls HksaV ugha gqbZ gksrh rks esjs xhr [kkldj mu fnuksa ds xhr 'kk;n gh çdk'k esa vk ikrs&vf/kdka'k xhr u"V gks x;s FksA yfyr us ns'kcU/kq esa Ms<+ o"kZ rd esjs xhrksa ds fy, xhr o"kZ dkye 'kq: dj eq>ls çk;% lHkh Hkwys fcljs xhr ;kn djkds] çdkf'kr fd;sA igys xhr laxzg vatqjh Hkj /kke] esa eSus bl ?kVuk dks -rK&Hkko ls foLr`r Lej.k fd;k gSA

blds dqN fnuksa ckn gh lkxj esa çlknth ds tUe&'krkCnh lekjksg esa ge fQj feysA ogka lekjksg ds vafre fnu rks [kwc feys tc vf/kdka'k yksx ykSV x;s vkSj eq>s lqcg dh Vªsu ls ykSVuk FkkA nsj jkr rd f'kodqekjth JhokLro] deykth vkSj ckcwth ,sls ge pkj yksx] ckcwth ds fjys'kUl lewg esa muds vktknh ds fy, la?k"kZ dj jgs yksxksa ds ckjs esa lqurs jgsA ftlesa mUgksaus vius xkao [kkij[ksM+k vkSj fiifj;k ds mu ukekywe yksxksa ds ckjs esa os fdLls lquk;s] ftUgsa lqudj ge jksekafpr gksus ds lkFk ;g Hkh tku ik;s fd lk/kkj.k vkneh Hkh vktknh ykus ds fy, fdruk ykecan FkkA lkxj ds bl lekjksg ds vklikl] lruk bdkbZ us Hkh dk;ZØe fd;k Fkk] rc chp lekjksg esa irk pyk fd Jh gfj'kadj 'kqDy jk;iqj okys dh eka dk nsgkUr gks x;k gS rks ek;kjketh us rqjar gh gfj'kadj th dks jk;iqj ds fy, jokuk fd;kA fdUrq vdsys ugha muds lkFk yfyr dks Hkh Hkstk rkfd 'kksd ds {k.kksa esa ,d u ,d lkFk jgsA nks ,d ekg ckn 'kk;n vDVwcj 1991 esa bykgkckn esa ifjey lEeku lekjksg vk;ksftr gqvkA eSa ikfjokfjd dkj.kksa ls ogka u tk ldkA ckcwth ml lekjksg esa x;s Fks rks os nksuksa fnu eq>s [kkstrs jgsA eSa x;k gh ugha Fkk rks dgka feyrkA ykSVdj ckcwth us yack i= fy[kk ftlesa ml vk;kstu dk lexz -'; ,slk vafdr fd;k] ekuks eSa mlesa 'kkfey gksdj og lc ns[k jgk gwaA i=dkfjrk dh Hkk"kk dk dkS'ky fdls dgk tkrk gSA mldk mnkgj.k ml i= dks i<dj fey tkrk gSA mUgksaus e/;çns'k ls igqaps lHkh ys[kdksa ds uke fy[ks fd ;s lHkh FksA vkSj ;s Hkh ysfdu flQZ rqe gh ugha FksA var esa fy[kk ^vkt eq>s bLdl* dh jk"Vªh; ifj"kn esa Hkkx ysus cEcbZ tkuk Fkk ysfdu v;ks/;k vkSj esfMªM dh gypyksa ds dkj.k ;gka jguk t:jh gks x;kA v;ks/;k esa jkeyyk dks ysdj [khapkrku rks eph gS] ysfdu mi pquko esa mldk cgqr ykHk Hkktik ;k tn dks feysxk] bldh mEehn de gSA nhokyh eqckjd rqEgkjk ek;kjke ¼fnukad 31 vDVwcj 1991dks eq>s fy[ks i= dk va'k½* bl i= ds mÙkj esa eSaus bykgkckn ugha igqapus dh otg fy[krs gq, brus vPNs lkfgfR;d tekoM+s esa 'kkfey u gks ikus dk volkn dqN T;knk gh Hkkoqd gksdj fy[k fn;k gksxkA ftls i<dj ckcwth us vkjke ls dqN fnuksa ckn mldk yack mÙkj fn;kA

ns'kcU/kq

6-12-1991

fç; HkkbZ j?kqoa'kh]
ueLdkj

rqEgkjk 21 uoEcj dk i= eq>s Hkksiky Hkst fn;k x;k FkkA yxkrkj dh HkkxnkSM+ vkSj lkekftd lekjskgksa dh O;Lrrk ds dkj.k mÙkj fQj foyEc ls ns jgk gwaA

ifjey çdk'ku ds dk;ZØe esa viuh vuqifLFkfr rqe rhozrk ls egllw dj jgs gks D;ksafd rqEgkjk dfork laxzg foyac ls çdkf'kr gks ldkA lgk;th vR;ar lnHkkoh O;fä gksus ij Hkh dqN ladV eglwl dj jgs gksaxsA e/;çns'k ljdkj dh uhfr esa lq/kkj gksus dh xqatkb'k de fn[krh gSA ml ij u ys[kksa ¼lEikndh; vkfn½ dk vlj gks jgk gS vkSj u HksaV&eqykdkrksa dkA muds fujFkZd vk;kstuksa ds fy, mlds ikl dkQh /ku gS fdUrq iqLrdky;ksa dh le`f) ds fy, ughaA çdk'ku esa ;g cM+h ck/kk gks xbZA vktdy rFkkfi esa ç;Ru dj jgk gwaA

v;ks/;k okys jkeyyk bu fnuksa v/k chp esa NksM+ fn;s x;s gSaA igys nkok fd;k tkrk Fkk fd bl eqís dks U;k;ky; ugha tu vkLFkk r; djsxhA vc 'kkluk#<+ gksus ij Hkktik U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dk lEeku djus dh ?kks"k.kk djus yxhA vkSj ;g fo'okl j[kks jkeyyk vc lj;w esa vkSj vf/kd jä cgkus dks bPNqd ugha gS] yxrk gS] fd rFkkdfFkr vkLFkk dk ;g nkSj jktuhfr ds fufgr LokFkZ esa lekIr gks x;kA ns[ksa M‚- eqjyh euksgj tks'kh dh ,drk ;k=k dk D;k ifj.kke gksrk gSA ns'k dh turk bu ;kf=;ksa ls Hkh Åcrh tk jgh gSA pkgs pUæ'ks[kj gksa ;k vMokuh vkSj vc tks'khthA fujFkZd ;k=kvksa dk ;g flyflyk Hkh tYnh can gks tk;sxkA

'ks"k dq'ky ;kuh fd v-- dq'ky clA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

ckcwth ds bl i= ds dksbZ 15 fnu ckn ckck ukxktqZu esjs ikl gjnk vk;s vkSj 21 fnlEcj 91 ¼dks vkdj½ ls 29 fnlEcj rd ¼çLFkku½ jgsA mu ij fy[ks laLej.k esa bl çokl ij rQlhy ls fy[kk gSA de ugaha gksrk ckck tSls jpukdkj dk brus fnuksa rd jgukA muds bl lkfUu/; ls eSa /kU; gks x;k FkkA buds lRlax dk vkuan bu fnuksa tks feyk vkSj ftldk] i= fy[k lHkh ds lkFk ckaVrk jgkA ckcwth dks Hkh fy[kk fd ckck dk esjs ?kj vkuk fdruk çsj.kknk;d jgk vkSj gjnk uxj esa mudk vkuk fdl rjg ;kn jgsxkA ckck dh gjnk ;k=k dbZ vFkksaZ esa ykHkçn jghA og mudh vafre ;k=k jghA bl ij mUgksaus ;g i= fn;k

ns'kcU/kq
7 Qjojh 1992
fç; j?kqoa'kh]

rqEgkjk 26 tuojh dk i= vkt feyk Mkd?kj dh eksgj ls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS] fd gjnk ls gh 5 Qjojh dks jokuk gqvk] irk fy[kk x;k va'k bruk lQsn gks x;k gS tSls i= cjlksa ;k=k djrk jgk gksA [kSj vc bl çdkj fcxM+h O;oLFkk ij fpark djuk O;FkZ gSA

ckck 9&10 fnu gjnk jgs bldk vPNk ckSf)d ykHk mBk;k gksxk rqeusA esjh rks yacs vjls ls HksaV ugha gks ikbZA ge nksuksa dh ;k=ko'k 'kk;n ,slk lq;ksx ugha gksus nsrhA os Hkksiky vk;s] eSa eækl x;k FkkA eSa fnYyh igqapk os nks fnu igys dgha py fn;sA fQj Hkh ,slk ges'kk çrhr gksrk gS] fd os cgqr utnhd gSaA jk;iqj esa vius ;gka ,d ekl dk fuokl jgk u blfy, ,drk ;k=k dk gJ rqeus ns[k fy;kA ljdkj lgk;d u gksrh rks M‚- eqjyheuksgj tks'kh Jhuxj gh u igqap ikrsA tks frjaxk os dU;kdqekjh ls ys x;s Fks] og mls gh Qgjkus dh ftn BkuhA nqHkkZX; fd mldk MaMk VwV x;kA vkSj tks jk"Vªh; /ot igys gh Qgjk fn;k x;k Fkk] mls muds dj deyksa us nqckjk Qgjk;kA

vkSj gka] rqeus i<+ fy;k gksxk fd v'kksd iVsy lqjf{kr gSaA ce foLQksV esa mUgsa lcls de pksV vkbZ gSA os yxHkx LoLF; gSaA yksd Lokeh esa xyr [kcj Nih vkSj dgha ughaA

eSus dsnkjth dk vyadj.k 14 Qjojh dk lquk gS] igqapuk pkgrk gawA ysfdu 13 gqbZ rks laHko ugha gSA fQj eq>s 15 Qjojh dks jk;iqj esa Hkh jguk gSA tkus fdl rjg ;g lc laHko gks ik,xkA 12&13 dkuiqj esa jguk gksxkA vkSj rks lc Bhd Bkd gSA vk'kk gS rqe Hkh lifjokj çlUu gksA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu


i= dks nks ckj i<dj yxk fd ;g vkneh fdruh NksVh&NksVh fpark vksj fdruh NksVh&NksVh [kqf'k;ksa dks Hkh cM+h fpark vkSj cM+h [kqf'k;ksa dh rjg thrk gSA vkSj lân;rk rks bruh xgjh fd dgk ugha tk;sA ,dkUr rks ckcwth dks dkVrk FkkA os ges'kk Lusghtuksa] deZB lsokHkkoh vkSj fo}kuksa ls nwj gh ugha gksuk pkgrs FksA vkSj tc ,dkar esa gksrs rks gkFk esa dksbZ fdrkc ;k dkxt dye fy, iku dk vkLokn ysrs gq, i<us fy[kus esa layXu jgrsA eSaus muds tSlk uhan ysus okyk 'kk;n gh dksbZ ns[kk gks fd ftldk lksuk tkxuk ,d tSlk gksrkA rfud nsj esa gh xk<+h uhan lks tkrs vkSj mruh uhan esa mBk nks rks ,dne mB vkrsA rc yxrk gh ugha fd os lks;s Hkh Fks fd ughaA tkus fdrus dke gkFk esa ys j[ks Fks mUgksaus vkSj dksbZ nwljs dke vk tkrs rks mUgsa Hkh vks<+ ysrsA nq";ar us dgk gS eSa ^ftls vks<+rk fcNkrk gwaA oks xty vkidks lqukrk gwaA* ckcwth dk ;gh gky jgk fd os ftu&ftu dkeksa dks vks<+rs fcNkrs jgs mu ij Bhd ls vklhu gksdj gh vks<+rs jgrs vFkkZr muesa gh jes jgrsA eSaus muds fujarj QSyrs gq, dkeksa esa viuh Hkkxhnkjh dk lkSHkkX; ikus ds fy, mUgsa ;g fy[kk fd vki eq>s tks dke] dHkh Hkh esjs ;ksX; le>s eSa mls djus ds fy, lnSo rRij jgwaxkA bl ij mudk i= vk;k%

ns'kcU/kq
24-04-93
fç; j?kqoa'kh
ueLdkj

rqEgkjk 18 viSzy dk i= feykA çlUurk gqbZ] dk;Zdkfj.kh esa FkksM+k Qsjcny vko';d yxkA T;knk djuk pkgrk FkkA ysfdu 6 o"kksaZ ds laca/k] fdls NksM+wa fdls 'kkfey d:a dh leL;k FkhA

rqEgkjk ;g lksp Bhd gS fd dksbZ tokcnkjh rqEgsa ugha lkSaih x;hA ;ksa iwjh dk;Zdkfj.kh esa nks pkj yksx gh lfØ; gSaA T;knk dke Hkh rks ugha gSA ysfdu rqEgkjh Hkkouk tkudkj vc dksbZ dke lkSaiawxkA fQygky bruk gh gks tk;s fd bVkjlh] fiifj;k ;k gjnk esa ftyk Lrj dk ;k [kaMok] [kjxkSu 'kkfey dj dksbZ lEesyu fd;k tk lds rks fopkj dj ns[kksA dqN tu lg;ksx vkSj dqN lEesyu ds lg;ksx ls ;g dke gks ldrk gSA ;fn ;g gks tk, rks esjh -f"V esa gekjs ftys esa dqN dke gks tk;sxkA

'ks"k rqEgkjk i= feyus ijA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

bUgh fnuksa 1993 fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dk ckjgoka vf/kos'ku fHkykbZ esa lEiUu gqvkA ftlesa lkEçnkf;d] tMsa vkSj çfrxkeh 'kfä;ksa ds c<+rs çHkko vkSj lkft'kksa ij [kqydj ckrsa gqbZA bl vf/kos'ku esa ckcwth fQj ls v/;{k rks pqus gh x;sA ysfdu ml lekjksg esa lkaln o lkfgR;dkj 'kadjn;ky flag] lekt'kkL=h M‚- ';kekpj.k nqcs lkEçnkf;drk ds fo#) lkfgR;dkjksa dh Hkwfedk ij dkQh tks'k esa cksysA rc çR;sd ¼jpukdkj½ ds psgjs ij eSaus eglwl fd;k fd os fdlh Hkh rjg dh viuh Hkwfedk] vnk djus dks ekspkZ lEgkysaxsA 'kke dks gqvk dfork ikB] rhtu ckbZ dk egkHkkjr ds d.kZ çlax dk iaMokuh eapu vkSj vyadj.k forj.k ij çeksn oekZ dk oäO; vfoLej.kh; jgkA rc vkSj ikl ls ckcwth dh ou esu O;oLFkk] mrus cM+s lekjksg dh ns[kh] ftlesa jk;iqj vkSj fHkykbZ ds yksx] yfyr lqjtu vkSj muds lg;ksfx;ksa iyk'k vkfn ds lkFk layXu FksA bl vk;kstu dh FkdkoV fu'pr gh dkQh fnuksa rd jgh gksxh vkSj ikfjokfjd rFkk i=dkfjrk okys dke Hkh bl O;o/kkuo'k fuiVkuk jgk gksxkA ;g lkspdj eSaus Hkh dksbZ i= fn;k u feyus dk dksbZ la;ksx vk;kA bl chp lEesyu ds ofj"B lnL; M‚- Hkxokunkl lQkfM;k lruk ds fu/ku dk lekpkj i<us esa vk;kA eSus ckcwth dks cgqr fnuksa ckn i= fy[kk rks mudk mÙkj%

e/;çns'k lkfgR; lEesyu
'kh'k egy] Hkksiky
22-6- 94

fç; HkkbZ
ueLdkj

rqEgkjk 12 twu dk iksLVdkMZ feykA lp gS fd cgqr le; ls feyuk ugha gqvkA eSa lEesyu dh dk;Zlfefr esa ugha cqyk ik;kA dqN jktuSfrd ljxfeZ;ksa vkSj fQj ikfjokfjd O;Fkk ds dkj.k vc vxLr esa feyus dh vk'kk gSA lQkfM;k th ds fcuk lruk esjs fy, lwuk gks x;kA tc ogka gksrk Fkk] jkstkuk cSBd gksrh FkhA os cgqqr deZB O;fä FksA cgqr ys[kd rS;kj fd;s mUgksaus ml {ks= esaA vkSj eFkqjk ckcw dk vHkko dsoy O;fäxr ugha lkewfgd gSA ijns ds ihNs jgdj os dsoy ikVhZ dh ugha oju lkfgfR;d xfrfof/k;ksa dk Hkh fn'kk funsZ'k djrs FksA fo'o jktuhfr ij mudk v/;;u vkSj Kku cgqr xgu FkkA ijarq vk;q&cy rks ,slk fo/kku gS tgka fdlh cká lÙkk dk vfLrRo Lohdkj djuk gh lcdh foo'krk gSA nksuksa dk fu/ku O;fäxr vkSj lkekftd {kfr gSA budh iwfrZ dkSu djsxk\ vk'kk gS lifjokj çlUu gksA

rqEgkjk
ek;kjke lqjtu

;g ckcwth dk vafre i= gSA bl i= esa mudk] muds fç;tuksa ds çfr foNksg Hkko ds lkFk thou dh {k.kHkaxqjrk ds çfr ;g Hkko fd cká lÙkk dk vfLrRo Lohdkj djuk gh lcdh foo'krk gSA ;g ,d çdkj dk iwokZHkkl gh dgk tk;sxkA bl i= ds yxHkx N% ekl ckn ,d ,sfrgkfld lekjksg esa mUgsa gkVZ vVSd vk;kA FkksM+k :ddj fQj vk;k vkSj os lekjksg ds nkSjku gh gehfn;k vLirky esa HkrhZ fd;s x;sA ge yksxksa dks rks vk;kstu ds ,d l= esa 'kkfey gksrs oä irk pyk fd ckcwth dks vLirky esa HkrhZ fd;k x;k gS] tgka mudh gkyr xaHkhj gSA lekjksg esa vusd lkfgR;dkj FksA og rkjlIrd v)Z'krh lekjksg FkkA ;kfu fd vKs; }kjk 1943 esa laikfnr çdkf'kr rkj lIrd dk ,sfrgkfld lekjksgA ,d egRoiw.kZ laikfnr dkO;-fr dh ipkloha o"kZxkaB ij ,d HkO; dk;ZØe djok jgs Fks ckcwthA rkjlIrd esa laikfnr dfo;ksa esa loZJh eqfäcks/k] usehpaæ tSu] Hkkjr Hkw"k.k vxzoky] çHkkdj ekpos] fxjtkdqekj ekFkqj] jkefoykl 'kekZ vkSj vKs; gSaA fQj vKs; us rks 1951 esa nwljk lIrd] 1959 esa rhljk lIrd vkSj 1979 esa pkSFkk lIrd laikfnr fd;sA
rkj lIrd v/kZ'krh lekjksg esa fgUnh lkfgR; ds orZeku ifj-'; ds vusd jpukdkjksa us fgLlsnkjh dh& ftuesa /kuat; oekZ us ^lIrdksa dh vgfe;r]* fo'oukFk f=ikBh us ^çxfr'khy dfork ds lkSan;Z i{k* ij] Økafrdqekj tSu us ^rkj lIrd dh dkO; Hkk"kk*] vkSj iw.kZpUæ jFk us ^rkj lIrd ds fofo/k jkLrksa* ij fopkj çdV fd;sA ftl rjg ls [kSjkx<+ ds _rq lagkj dk;ZØe esa dqNsd lkFkh ,d fnu iwoZ igqap x;s Fks oSls gh ^rkj lIrd v)Z 'krh* lekjksg esa Hkh eSa ,d fnu iwoZ igqap x;k FkkA jkr esaA vxys fnu ls 'kq: gksus okys vk;kstu dh rS;kjh djus okys ge dqN yksxksa ds lkFk ckcwth Hkh nsj jkr rd tkxrs jgs vkSj eq>ls rks cYxkfj;k ds y?kq dFkkdkj] fØLVks fLejusUldh dh ;g dFkk nks ckj lquh vkSj dkQh nsj rd mlds y?kq vkdkj esa lekfgr fojkV lans'k ij fparu djrs jgsA og dFkk bl çdkj gS%& ,d vkneh vkleku dh rjQ flj mBk;s] eqfë;ka cka/ks Åij c<+k tk jgk FkkA rHkh 'kSrku us mldk jkLrk jksddj iwNk&rqe dkSu gks\ O;fä us dgk& eSa tUe ls {kqæ gwa vkSj ;s lc tks esjs ihNs vk jgs gSa ;s QVsgky fHk[kkjh esjs HkkbZ gSaA buds psgjs ihys vkSj thou nq[ke; gSaA buds ?kkoksa ls ygw cg jgk gSA ;s djkg jgs gSaA lquks eSa budh rjQ ls bu jktkvksa ckn'kkgksa ls cnyk ywaxkA ;g lqu 'kSrku eqLdqjk;k &dgk& tks yksx Åij gSa eSa mudk larjh gwaA fcuk fj'or fy, muds lkFk fo'okl?kkr ugha dj ldrkA ckrksa esa r; gqvk fd og ;qod gj ikap lh<+h p<dj vius ikl tks gS] og fj'or esa nsxkA mlus Øe'k% dku] vka[k] ân; vkSj Lej.k 'kfä 'kSrku dks ns MkysA dku [kksrs gh mls vius Hkkb;ksa dh djkgsa ,dk,d xk;u esa cnyh tku iM+hA vka[k tkrs gh Hkkb;ksa ds ?kko xqykc ds Qwy yxus yxsA ân; vkSj Lej.k 'kfä nsdj Åij iSj j[krs gh cksyk&eSa rks tUe ls jktdqekj gwa vkSj nsork esjs Hkh gSa] vgk] ;g i`Foh fdruh lqanj gS vkSj yksx fdrus [kq'k gSaA

;g y?kqdFkk gS ftls nks ckj lqudj ckcwth xaHkhj gks x;sA jkr T;knk gks xbZ Fkh] rks lc dy lqcg ds dk;ZØeksa esa yxuk gS ;g fQØ fy, foJke dks py fn;sA nwljs fnu fof/kor lekjksg 'kq: gqvk fd irk pyk ckcwth vLoLFk gks x;s gSaA fQj mudks vLirky esa HkrhZ fd;k x;k dk lekpkj feykA nksigj rd vleatl cuk jgk ysfdu eu ugha ekuk rks eSaus xq#oj jkeewfrZth f=ikBh ls dgk&pfy, lj viu pysaA os >V rS;kj gks x;s- crk;k fd os Hkh ;gh lksp jgs FksA ge yksx fjD'ks ls vLirky igqap x;sAogka la;ksx ,slk cuk fd gesa muds okMZ esa tkus ls fdlh us ugha jksdkA ckcwth foJke dj jgs FksA mlh os'kHkw"kk esa ftlesa fd os jgrs gSaA lQsn dqrkZ&/kksrh esa gesa ns[krs gh gkFk fgykdj pqi jgus dk b'kkjk fd;kA ftldk vFkZ le>dj ge yksx fcuk dqN cksys [kM+s jgsA ge mUgsa os gesa ns[krs jgsA rc rd MkDVj dk jkm.M yxk rks ge pyus dks gq, fd ckcwth dh vkokt lqukbZ nhA vHkh bruk gh 'kke dks vkuk viu dy okyh y?kqdFkk lqusaxsA ge yksx fjD'ks ls okil vk x;sA vxys fnu vk;kstu dh lekfIr ds ckn lc ykSV x;sA eSa Hkh gjnk vk x;kA og gekjh vafre HksaV Fkh mulsA

yxHkx vBkjg lky rd ckcwth ds lkFk fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dh otg ls jgk vkSj mUgksaus tks dke fn, og djus dk ç;kl fd;kA pkgs iqjLdkjksa ds fy, fu.kZ; dk dke fn;k gks ;k vkys[ku dk] mls ,d firk dh vkKk le>dj fd;kA vkSj yksx Hkh jgs tks ckcwth ds lkFk dej dldj dke djrs jgs vkSj ckcwth] vR;Ur fu/kZu vkSj fu%gk; voLFkk esa feys e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu dks laiUu vkSj lsgrean cukrs jgsA vkt og bruk Lokcyach gS fd mlds ikl viuh Nr vkSj vius v{kr bjkns gSaA