LoxhZ; ek;kjke lqjtu] ftUgsa ge lHkh ckcwth dgrs jgs] esjs firk ugha Fks ysfdu eq>s mudk fir`or Lusg lnSo feykA lnSo dk eryc muds fu/ku rdA gkykafd ;g vof/k ceqf'dy lkr&vkB cjl gh jghA muls laidZ dk ek/;e esjs fy, deykçlknth cusA eSa çxfr'khy ys[kd la?k ls lfØ;rk ls tqM+k FkkA mUgksaus eq>s e/;çns'k fgUnh lkfgR; lEesyu ls Hkh tksM+ fy;kA ckcwth] lEesyu ds v/;{k FksA

lEesyu ls esjk ifjp; iqjkuk FkkA dgkuh&dfork f'kfojksa] vkSj fopkj vkys[k lsok esa ;nk dnk fy[krs jgus ls mu fnuksa lEesyu vkuk&tkuk yxk jgrk FkkA eku ekek ¼Lo- guqekuçlkn frokjh½] j?kqukFkçlkn frokjh] v{k; dqekjth] Jherh dqlqe dqekjh tSu] f'kodqekj JhokLro] lHkh ls cfr;krs jgus dk lq[k feyrk jgrk FkkA ckcwth ls Hkh ;gha eqykdkr gqbZA vpkud deykçlknth jhok pys x;sA os ogha ls eq>s lEesyu dh xfrfof/k;ksa ;Fkk jpuk f'kfoj] vyadj.k lekjksg vkfn dh O;oLFkk esa lg;ksx djus dk vkns'k nsrsA bu vkns'kksa dh la[;k bruh gksrh fd yxHkx jkst gh lEesyu esa vkuk tkuk yxk jgrkA /khjs&/khjs tkfgj gksrk x;k fd mUgksaus eq>s Bhd mlh rjg lEesyu vkSj bl cgkus ckcwth ds gokys dj fn;k tSls 1976 essa mUgsa ijlkbZth us lEesyu dks lkSai fn;k FkkA fQj ,d fnu ckcwth us eq>s lEesyu dk lkfgR; ea=h cuk fn;kA deykçlknth egkea=h Fks vkSj jhok esa fojktrs FksA

,d fnu ckcwth us eq>s ;gha Hkksiky esa vius ?kj vkus dks dgkA vxys fnu lqcg igqapk rks deykçlknth ds lkFk lqLoknq uk'rk esjh çrh{kk dj jgk FkkA ckcwth crkrs jgs dgka leksls vPNs feyk djrs gSa vkSj dgka xqykc tkequA jk;iqj ds jlxqYyksa vkSj tcyiqj ds jlxqYyksa esa D;k QdZ gSA tcyiqj esa vkuan HkaMkj ds fe"Vh nksbZ vkSj dekfu;k xsV ij cMdqy dh [kksos dh tysch ds lkFk lkFk lkxj ds fdlh fefB;k dh fpjksath dh cQhZ ¼mUgksaus gyokbZ dk uke Hkh crk;k Fkk] vc ;kn ugha vk jgk½ vkSj xksVsxkao jsYos LVs'ku ds vkywcaMksa dk ftØ vck/k xfr ls pyrk jgkA dqN bl rjg fd lkeus j[ks [kk| inkFkksaZ ds lkFk gh bu lHkh dk Lokn ,d ,d dj esjh vkRek esa ?kqyrk pyk x;kA eq>s yxk fd ckcwth xtc ds pVksjs gSaA rc rd mu tSlk eSaus Hkxor jkor dks gh ns[kk FkkA ;ksa blesa u;k dqN ugha FkkA ckcwth ds lkFk f'kfojksa esa jgus vkSj dqN ;k=kvksa dk vuqHko eq>s FkkA os ,sls gh FksA


nks <kbZ ?kaVksa dh bl lqLoknq cSBd ds ckn eSaus ckcwth ls pyus dh btktr ekaxh rks deykçlknth us muds lkeus j[kh ,d Qkby eq>s Fkekrs gq, dgk& 'eSa rks ;gha Bgjk gw¡ vkt fnu esa dqN dke gS mUgsa fuiVk dj 'kke rd rqEgkjs ?kj vkrk gw¡A rc rd bls i<dj j[kukAÓ muds dke dh 'kSyh gh ,slh Fkh vkSj vkokt esa vf/kdkj bruk fd dksbZ cgkuk Hkh ;kn ugha vk;kA eSa ?kj ykSVdj vk;k vkSj ml Qkby dks [kksy dj ns[kkA os v[kckj dh dfVaXl FkhaA 'ns'kcU/kqÓ esa cgqr igys Niha 'eq[;ea=h] e/;çns'k dsÓ ys[kekyk dh dfVaXlA eSaus i<uk 'kq: fd;k vkSj i<+rk gh pyk x;kA ;g rks e/;çns'k dk jktuSfrd bfrgkl FkkA fy[kk x;k bfrgkl ugha] ,d ft;k x;k bfrgklA tSls dksbZ dgkuh dgh tk jgh gks] ij ogka dgkuh ugha FkhA fdLlkxks Fkk gj 'kCn esa] fdLlk ugha FkkA

tSlk fd gksuk Fkk] 'kke dks deykçlknth ?kj vk;s rks vkrs gh iwNus yxs& i<+kA eSaus gk¡ dgk rks fQj iwNk&dSlk yxkA eSaus NwVrs gh dgk&bUgsa rks fdrkc dh 'kDy esa vk tkuk pkfg,A ;g ,d t:jh fdrkc gksxhA deykth us crk;k fd ifjey çdk'ku okys f'kodqekj lgk; bls fdrkc dh rjg Nkiuk pkgrs gSaA eSaus iwNk&rks fnDdr D;k gS] Nki ysaA bruk dguk gh Fkk fd vkns'k tkjh gks x;k] rqe bls fdrkc dh 'kDy ns nksA veqd rkjh[k dks lgk;th Hkksiky vk jgs gSa] rqels ikaMqfyfi ys tk;saxsA eSa gM+cM+k x;kA bruh tYnh\ v[kckj ds fy, fy[kh ys[kekyk esa iqujko`fÙk;ka FkhaA ekeyk rokjh[k dk gh ugha] rkjh[k dk Hkh FkkA esjs ikl dksbZ lanHkZ miyC/k ugha FkkA deykth dg jgs Fks& eSa rks dy pyk tkÅ¡xkA ckcwth ;gha gSaA jkst jkr esa ,d ys[k lEikfnr dj ysuk] lqcg ckcwth dks fn[kk nsukA dqN iwNuk gks rks mUgha ls iwNdj ogha lq/kkj dj ns nsukA ys[k lEesyu pyk tk;sxkA ogha Vkbi gksxkA 'kke dks tkdj ys vkukA iUæg fnuksa esa ikaMqfyfi rS;kj gks tk;sxhA eSa lgk;th dks bykgkckn esa lwfpr dj nw¡xkA os rqEgkjs fglkc ls Hkksiky dk viuk dk;ZØe cuk ysaxsA

iUæg fnuA ;kuh esjs nh?kZlw=h fglkc ls ,d eghukA 'kk;n blls Hkh vf/kd le; yx tk;sxkA fQj ckcwth dk gh irk ugha Fkk os dc rd Hkksiky esa gSaA lruk] tcyiqj] jk;iqj ;k fQj fnYyh\ dc dgka pys tk;ssaxs vkSj dc vk;saxs\

^rqe 'kq: rks djks] dy lqcg ckcwth ds ;gka feyrs gSa] lc ckrsa ogha gks tk;saxhA* deykth vk'oLr Hkko ls mB x;s FksA

fQj ,d flyflyk 'kq: gqvkA lqcgsa ckcwth ds ikl xqtjus yxha vkSj esjh vk¡[kksa ds vkxs ,d thoar bfrgklA ckcwth dh ckrksa ls eq>s viuk dke vklku yxus yxkA ij bruk vklku Hkh ugha FkkA iwjs nks eghus chr x;sA bl chp ckcwth dh ;k=k,a Hkh Fkha vkSj lEesyu dh ck/kk;sa HkhA fQj ,d fnu lgk;th vk;s vkSj Vafdr ikaMqfyfi vius lkFk ys x;sA

fdrkc NihA yksdkiZ.k lekjksg 'kk;n fnYyh esa gqvkA eSa ogka ugha FkkA ckcwth Hkksiky vk;s rks ?kj cqykdj dgk& jktsaæ] rqeus eq>s ys[kd cuk fn;kA eSaus dgk ys[kd rks vki gSa ghA ;g vkius gh rks fy[kk gSA cksys&ugha lc eq>s i=dkj gh le>rs jgs gSa vkSj vc rks v[kckj dk ekfyd Hkh dgrs gSaA os fdrkc ds doj ij cgqr eeRo ls gkFk fQjk jgs FksA eq>s vius flj ij og gkFk eglwl gqvkA

ckcwth us 1950 ls i=dkfjrk esa viuk dSfj;j 'kq: fd;k FkkA vkSj 1994 esa vius nsgkolku rd blh ls tqM+s jgsA muds lanHkZ esa i=dkfjrk dks egt ^is'kk* ugha ekuk tkuk pkfg,A og muds fy, vkthfodk ds pquko ls 'kq: gksdj /khjs&/khjs ,d fe'ku esa cny pqdh FkhA bl fe'ku ds ewY; mUgksaus vius cpiu ls ysdj fd'kksjkoLFkk rd vktknh ds vkanksyu dks ns[k ns[k dj r; fd;s FksA dkaxzsl ds okyafV;j ds :i esa xka/kh] usg:] ekSykuk vktkn] tSls usrkvksa ds vkxs ihNs ?kwedj vkRelkr fd;k FkkA ekjokM+h lHkk esa teukyky ctkt] iwuepan jkadk] c`tyky fo;k.kh tSls deZB R;kxewfrZ;ksa esa vius jksekuh vkn'kZ [kksts FksA tc os i=dkfjrk esa ços'k dj jgs Fks rks ,d uofufeZr ns'k viuh vktknh dh gok esa lkal ysuk lh[k jgk FkkA uofuekZ.k dh /kMduksa ds chp ^fdldh vktknh] dSlh vktknh* tSlh cgl lkoZtfud FkhA ckcwth dk lkgl ;g Fkk fd mUgksaus bl cgl esa vius i{k dk pquko i=dkfjrk ds is'ks esa vkrs gh dj fy;k Fkk vkSj vkthou ikyk ugha cnykA eqfäcks/k us fy[kk Fkk] ^r; djks fd fdl vksj gks rqe*] vkSj ckcwth us r; dj fy;k FkkA

ckcwth dh gh ,d vkSj fdrkc gS ^lcdks lUefr ns Hkxoku*A ;g Hkh igyh fdrkc dh gh rjg muds v[kckjh ys[ku dk lEikfnr Lo:i gSA blesa 22 ekpZ 1983 ls 'kq: gksdj 3 viSzy 1983 rd yxHkx çfrfnu fy[ks x;s X;kjg ys[kksa ds vykok] iatkc esa vkradokn] vkijs'ku Cyw LVkj ds fnuksa esa fy[ks x;s ys[k] Hkktik&vkj-,l-,l-&fo'o fgUnw ifj"kn dh jFk ;k=kvksa dk fo'ys"k.k] 'kkgckuks çdj.k vkSj ckcjh efLtn ds fo/oal rd dqy rsbZl ys[k vkSj Hkh 'kkfey gSaA lk/kq ckckvksa ds ik[kaM vkSj muds çfr lkekU;tu dh va/kHkfä ds oLrqijd fo'ys"k.k ds lkFk gh lkEçnkf;drk dh fc"k&csy ds jktuSfrd v[kkM+ksa esa chtkjksi.k] bu ys[kksa, fVIif.k;ksa dh fo"k;oLrq gSA bu ys[kksa esa ckcwth fgUnw] eqfLye] tSu] fl[k] bZlkbZ lHkh dh nq[krh jxksa dks Nwrs gSaA nkao ij yxh vfLerk vkSj pqukSfr;ksa dh ppkZ djrs gSa vkSj Hkkjrh; dgykus dh t:jr ij tksj nsrs gSaA

fuHkhZd dye ds bl cgknqj ;ks)k dks ç.kke djrs gq, eu esa dgha ;g ladksp Hkh gS fd eSaus mUgsa fir`or rks dg fn;k] Lo;a dks iq=or dgykus ;ksX; dSls crk ikÅ¡xkA mUgha ds 'kCn ;kn djrk gw¡&

^vius foosd dks bfrgkl -f"V nhft,A vius fopkjksa ij ,d ckj fQj lksfp;s vkSj t:jr le>sa rks mUgsa u;h fn'kk nhft,A vejrk dks fo"k ds chtksa ls Hkjh rjktw ij er rkSfy,A*
22 Qjojh 1986 dks mUgksaus psrkouh nh Fkh&

^ge ,d Hk;kud nkSj ls xqtj jgs gSa vktknh ds 38 lky ckn Hkh ;fn lkEçnkf;d bZ";kZ] }s"k dks lekIr ugha dj lds rks ;g ijEijk vkxs gh c<+rh tk;sxhA fdlh dks vPNk yxs ;k cqjk] oksV feys ;k u feys] ljdkj fdlh Hkh ikVhZ dh D;ksa u gks] vc oä gesa psrkouh ns jgk gSA ;s gaxkes vkxs c<+sa] mlds igys gh ljdkj dks dM+kbZ ls dkuwu O;oLFkk pqLr&nq#Lr dj ysuh pkfg,A ftldk nks"k gS og ltk ikus dk Hkh vf/kdkjh gSA l[rh ls ;fn ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk eqdkcyk u fd;k x;k rks gekjh jk"Vªh; çfrHkk rks [kafMr gks gh jgh gS] varjkZ"Vªh; Nfo Hkh ,d mUeknh jk"Vª dh gks tk;sxhA*

vkt tc vktknh ds 66 lky chr pqds gSa] ,d v[k.M ns'k ds yksx {ks=h;rkokn ds mUekn ds dkj.k txg ls foLFkkfir rFkk 'ks"k Hkkjr esa vius vkidks vlqjf{kr ekudj ?kj ykSV jgs gSa rks ckcwth dks psrkouh dk eeZ Li"V gks tkrk gSA eSa tkurk gw¡ fd vkthfodk dh etcwfj;ka mUgsa fQj vius dke ij okil ys vk;saxhA ysfdu ,slk gh fQj u gksxk ;g dkSu dg ldrk gSA