1951 esa esjk Hkksiky tkuk 'kq: gqvk M‚- jkts'oj xq: dh yxkrkj dh tkus okyh igy lsA rc eSa tcyiqj uoHkkjr esa dk;Zjr FkkA tcyiqj esa ^lka/; çnhi* nSfud ds laLFkkid&laiknd rFkk esjs iM+kslh eksgu flUgk ds ;gk¡ esjk jkstkuk dk mBuk&cSBuk FkkA M‚- jkts'oj xq: mu fnuksa Hkksiky esa gehfn;k d‚yst esa çksQslj FksA Nqfê;ksa esa os vius x`guxj tcyiqj esa vk;k&tk;k djrs FksA eksgu flUgk ds lgikBh gksus ds dkj.k os ^lka/; çnhi* dk;kZy; esa Hkh vkdj cSBrsA ogha muls esjh igyh HksaV gqbZA

M‚- xq: eq>s Hkksiky ds lCtckx fn[kkdj ogk¡ ls uoHkkjr dk çdk'ku çkjaHk djus ij tksj Mkyrs jgsA Hkksiky ls rc dksbZ nSfud i= ugha fudyrk FkkA os vkxzg djrs fd uoHkkjr ls gh 'kq:vkr D;ksa u dh tk;sA muds ckj&ckj dgus ij eSa Hkksiky esa ,d nSfud i= dh xqatkb'k ns[kus ds fy, Hkksiky x;kA rc Hkksiky dh vkcknh yxHkx ,d yk[k FkhA mlesa 75 çfr'kr ds djhc mnwZ Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh yksxA vkokxeu dh i;kZIr lqfo/kk,¡ ughaA vkSj cgqr NksVh&lh ¼8 yk[k½ vkcknh dh fj;klrA rc ogk¡ ,d laiw.kZ laLdj.k ds lius dh eq>s dksbZ xqatkb'k ugha fn[khA xq:th ls lykg&e'kfojk djds r; gqvk fd tcyiqj ls gh Hkksiky laLdj.k eqfær fd;k tk;s vkSj ,d vk/kk Mseh lkbt dk iwjd vad Hkksiky esa Nkik tk;sA

ysfdu tc bl ;kstuk ds fØ;kUo;u dk le; vk;k rks eq>s yxk fd cgqr&ls igkM+ ;gk¡ ls mBkdj ogk¡ j[kus iM+sxsA jktkKk ds fcuk dksbZ v[kckj fudkyk ugha tk ldrk FkkA Hkksiky fj;klr esa cus fu;eksa ds vuqlkj jktkKk çkIr djus ds fy, de&ls&de 37 fnuksa dk le; pkfg,A vkSj m/kj ,d Ms<+ ekg ckn gh 1952 ds vke pqukoA vke pquko ds ckn v[kckj fudkyus dk eryc çlkj dk ,d vPNk ek/;e gkFk ls fudy tkukA fu;e ;g Fkk fd igys v[kckj fudkyus dk vkosnu jkT; ljdkj dks fn;k tk;sA 30 fnu rd mldh Loh-fr dh çrh{kk dh tk;sA Loh-fr feyus ij ,d lIrkg esa i= çdkf'kr djus dk ?kks"k.kk&i= ftyk eftLVªsV dh vnkyr esa fn;k tk;sA og Loh-r gksus ij i= dk çdk'ku çkjaHk fd;k tk ldrk FkkA ;fn ;g lc Hkh gks tk;s rks çsl dh fnDdrA rc Hkksiky esa bZu chu rhu fganh çslA v[kckj Nkius dks dksbZ Hkh rS;kj ughaA oLrqr% Hkksiky ls çdkf'kr gksus okys lekpkj&i= cgq/kk Hkksiky fj;klr ds ckgj gh Nkis tkrs FksA

Hkksiky jkT; ds x`g foHkkx esa Jh 'kaHkqukjk;.k lDlsuk voj lfpo ¼vaMj lsØsVjh½ FksA muds gh edku ds ,d fgLls esa M‚- xq: jgrs FksA 'kaHkqukjk;.kth cgqr Hkys vQlj FksA mUgksaus lykg nh fd D;ksa u eSa phQ dfe'uj Jh fo'oukFku ls feydj bl fu;e dks fczfV'k bafM;k esa ykxw fu;eksa dh rtZ ij la'kksf/kr djus dk fuosnu d:¡A mUgksaus vk'oLr fd;k fd ;fn Jh fo'oukFku fu;e la'kksf/kr djus dks jkth gks tkrs gSa rks 'ks"k dk;Zokgh os rhu fnu esa iwjh djk nsaxsA

;g lykg eq>s okftc yxhA eSa Jh fo'oukFku ls feykA v[kckj fudkyus dh ;kstuk vkSj mldh dfBukb;ksa ls mUgsa ifjfpr djk;kA os Hkh Hkkjr ljdkj ds x`g foHkkx ds lfpo jg pqds FksA vr% mUgsa esjh ckr rRdky le> esa vk x;hA os çdk'ku&fu;eksa esa la'kks/ku djus dks lger gks x;sA vc leL;k Fkh çsl dhA lcls igys eSa HkaMkjh çsl ds ekfyd Jh feJhykyth HkaMkjh ls feykA mudh igyh lykg rks ;g Fkh fd Hkksiky esa dksbZ fganh v[kckj py gh ugha ldrkA tc mUgksaus eq>s viuh ;kstuk ij vVy ik;k rks dbZ fnDdrsa crkdj v[kckj Nkius ls gh eukgh dj nhA eSa fQj deyk çsl ds ekfyd Jh Mks"kh ls feykA os Hkh rS;kj ugha gqvkA vc esjh vkf[kjh vk'kk jg x;h yyokuh çslA yyokuh çsl ds ekfyd Jh ljnkjeyth yyokuh Hkh <sj lkjh vkukdkuh ds ckn ceqf'dy rS;kj gq,A mUgksaus rhu 'krsZ j[khaA ,d rks ;g fd uokc lk- ds f[kykQ dqN ugha fy[kk tk;sxkA nwljh ;g fd dkaxzsl dks Hkys gh liksVZ ¼leFkZu½ djsa ysfdu fganw egklHkk ¼ftldh fd Hkksiky 'kk[kk ds os lnj Fks½ ds fo:) Hkh dqN ugha fy[kk tk;sxkA vafre vkSj rhljh 'krZ ;g fd eSVj rks le; ij fn;k tk;s] ysfdu daiksftax vkSj fçafVx ds le; dh dksbZ xkjaVh ughaA etcwjh dk uke egkRek xka/khA eSaus yyokuhth dh rhuksa 'krsZ eatwj dj yhA

vc leL;k vk;h LFkkuh; laiknd dhA eSaus v{k;dqekj tSu lfgr dkQh yksxksa ls ppkZ dh fdarq lQyrk ugha feyhA v{k;th mu fnuksa ^ubZ jkg* ikVhZ ds mn~HkV dk;ZdrkZ FksA ubZ jkg ikfZVZ;ka rks blh uke ds lkIrkfgd ls tqM+h gqbZ Fkha fdarq Fks ;s lc Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds vax ghA budk [k;ky Fkk fd ,d dkaxzslh v[kckj dk lkFk nsus ls u flQZ mudh Nfo dks xgjk /kDdk yxsxk oju~ ubZ jkg ds çlkj ij Hkh vlj iM+sxkA

varr% eSus ;gh fu.kZ; fy;k fd dqN fnu eSa gh Hkksiky esa jgdj laiknu d:¡xkA rc rd dksbZ&u&dksbZ fey gh tk;sxkA v[kckj 'kq: gksus esa vHkh ,dk/k lIrkg dh nsj FkhA bl chp eSaus ogk¡ tulaidZ fd;kA lcls igys eSa iwoZ eq[;ea=h iafMr prqjukjk;.kth ekyoh; ls feykA ekyoh;th dh jkg jgh fd eSa Hkksiky dh ;qok Vksyh dh lykg ls dke d:¡A bl ;qok Vksyh ls mudk xksyeky vk'k; ^ubZ jkg* xqzi ls gh FkkA fQj eSa ekLVj HkSajksçlkn] ckcw dkerkçlkn] uRFkwyky lDlsuk vkfn lkoZtfud jktuhfrd dk;ZdrkZvksa ls Hkh feykA lcus gh uoHkkjr ds çdk'ku dk Lokxr fd;kA

bl chp 1952 ds vke pquko dh rkjh[kksa dh ?kks"k.kk dj nh x;hA Hkksiky fo/kkulHkk esa 30 fo/kk;d pqus tkus Fks vkSj ,d yksdlHkk lnL;A dkaxzsl gkbZdeku us yksdlHkk ds fy, mEehnokj ekLVj ykyflag dk p;u fd;k vkSj fo/kkulHkk ds fy, M‚- 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ dkA ysfdu gksuh dqN vkSj gh FkhA ekLVj ykyflag tc pquko çpkj ls ykSV jgs Fks rks yky?kkVh ij mudh thi mrj x;h vkSj bl nq?kZVuk esa ekLVj ykyflag dk fu/ku gks x;kA mEehnokjksa dh lwph cnyh x;h] D;ksafd ;g yxHkx r; eku fy;k x;k fd fo/kkulHkk&usr`Ro dh ckxMksj M‚- 'kekZ dks gh lkSaih tk;sxhA

M‚- 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ us y[kuÅ ;wfuoflZVh ds jhMj in ls R;kxi= ns fn;kA eSa tc muls feyk rc os fparkeu pkSjkgs ds ikl xqfy;k nkbZ ds eksgYys esa jgrs FksA M‚- 'kekZ cgqr i<+s&fy[ks O;fä gSA fganh] vaxzsth vkSj laL-r esa ,e-,-] ,y-,y-,e-] bXySaM ls cSfjLVj ,V yk¡ vkSj ih&,p-Mh- mikf/k;ksa ls lqlfTtrA eS vkSj M‚- xq: tc muls feyus x;s rks os ge nksuksa dks cSBkydj fparkeu pkSd x;sA ogk¡ ls dsVyh esa pk; vkSj dqN ehBk uedhu yk;sA vkSj ,d VwVs I;kys esa eSaus pk; ihA eS mudh ckrksa ls çHkkfor Hkh gqvkA muds p;u ds ckn ;g yxHkx r; ekuk tkus yxk Fkk fd iafMr usg: mUgs gh Hkksiky dk eq[;ea=h cuk;saxsA viuh i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ ds vk/kkj ij os [kqn Hkh ,slk gh lksprs FksA fQj y[kuÅ esa vkpk;Z ujsUænso vkfn tSls lqçfrf"Br usrkvksa ls mudk çxk<+ ifjp;A eq[;ea=h ds p;u esa ;g lc rks dke vkus gh okyk FkkA M‚- 'kekZ us uoHkkjr ds Hkksiky çdk'ku ds fu'p; ij eq>s c/kkbZ rks nh gh] lg;ksx dk Hkh vk'oklu fn;kA

i=&çdk'ku fu;e ds la'kks/ku esa dqN le; yx jgk FkkA blfy, eSus Hkksiky esa eqfær iwjd vad dks tcyiqj ls MsVykbu ls gh çdkf'kr djuk çkjaHk dj fn;kA ,dk/k lIrkg ckn ;g ck/kk Hkh nwj gks x;hA LokHkkfod Fkk fd uoHkkjr M‚- 'kekZ rFkk vU; dkaxzslh çR;kf'k;ksa dk leFkZu djsA b/kj HkkbZ yksxksa ¼M‚- 'kekZ ds fojksf/k;ksa½ us ;g [kcj mM+k nh fd M‚- 'kekZ chl gtkj :i;s dh lgk;rk nsdj uoHkkjr dks Hkksiky yk;s gSA tSlkfd eSaus igys fy[kk gS] M‚- 'kekZ Hkksiky ds Hkkjr la?k esa foyhuhdj.k ds i{k/kj gksrs gq, Hkh çkjaHk ls bl vkanksyu esa 'kkfey djus ds fy, y[kuÅ tkus ls jksd fy;kA ;ksa M‚- 'kekZ cgqr lqy>s gq, fopkjksa ds deZB O;fä gSA vkpk;Z ujsUænso vkfn ds lkfUu/; esa jgus ds dkj.k os lektoknh fopkj/kkjk ds vuq;k;h Hkh jgsA 'kk;n blhfy, Hkksiky ds m|ksxifr;ksa dks mudh mEehnokjh ilan ugh vk;hA

rc Hkksiky esa nks gh m|ksx Fks& ,d] ts-ds- xzqi dh iqëk fey vkSj nwljk] lj ch-ih- JhokLro dh U;w Hkksiky VsDlVkbYl feyA lj th-ih- JhokLro dkuiqj ds çeq[k m|ksxifr;ksa esa rks Fks gh] ok;ljk; y‚MZ fyufyFkxks dh ,DthD;wfVo dkSafly ds Hkh lnL; jg pqds FksA LokHkkfod Fkk fd os lektokn fojks/kh gksrsA vr% Hkksiky ds m|ksxifr;ksa us feydj iqëk fey ds eSustj Jh ,e-th- iksíkj dks /ku dh deh Hkh ugh Fkh vkSj mudk çpkjra= Hkh cgqr rxM+k FkkA ;|fi uoHkkjr M‚- 'kekZ dk leFkZu dj jgk Fkk fdarq xzkeh.k {ks= esa v[kckj i<us okys gksrs gh fdrus gSA 1952 ds çkjaHk esa rks ;g la[;k vkSj Hkh cgqr de FkhA fQj Hkh v[kckj rks v[kckj gh gSA ,d fnu U;w Hkksiky VsDlVkbYl feYl ds lksy lsfyax ,tsaV xksiky daiuh ds ,d vf/kdkjh Jh vkfyxjke egjks=k eq>ls feyus ds fy, M‚- xq: ds ?kj ij i/kkjsA muds lkFk muds gh ,d lg;ksxh Jh Mh- Mh- iqjksfgr ¼vktdy ubZ nqfu;k] bankSj ds lsØsVjh½ Hkh vk;sA mudk vkxzg Fkk fd uoHkkjr M‚- 'kekZ dk leFkZu u djsaA blds fy, os yach jde Hkh ysdj vk;s FksA bl çdkj dh dksf'k'k uoHkkjr dh uhfr ds fo:) FkhA eSaus mUgsa fouezrkiwoZd okil dj fn;kA

cSjfl;k esa pquko gqvkA fdarq bruk ?keklku fd ;g yxrk Fkk fd 'kk;n M‚- 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ ijkftr gh u gks tk;saA M‚- 'kekZ ds ,d lgikBh Jh vyhe fjVfuZx vf/kdkjh FksA M‚- 'kekZ dks blls ykHk gqvk ;k ugh] ;g dguk dfBu gS fdarq ;g vQokg QSyk;h x;h fd vyhe lk- us cqjds es yk;s gq, efgyk ernkrkvksa ds oksV csjksdVksd iMus fn;sA tks Hkh gks] M‚- 'kekZ 121 oksV ls cSjfl;k ls fot;h ?kksf"kr gq,A

1952 esa Hkksiky jkT; ds fy, cSjfl;k fo/kkulHkk {ks= ls fuokZfpr gks tkus ds ckotwn ny&usrk pqus tkus ds fy, M‚- 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ dks vius gh ny dkaxzsl ds vusd fo/kk;dksa ds fojks/k dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA dqN fo/kk;dksa us fnYyh rd nkSM+ dhA os dkaxzslk/;{k rFkk ç/kkuea=h ia- tokgjyky usg: ls Hkh feysA flgokuh fuokZpu&{ks= ds fo/kk;d ckcwyky dey bl fojks/k esa fo'ks"k :i ls lfØ; FksA M‚- 'kekZ dk tulaidZ viuh ik=rk rFkk ;ksX;rk ds ckotwn Hkksiky ls ckgj jgus ds dkj.k detksj FkkA vkSj ;gh otg Fkh fd vusd] cfYd vf/kla[; fo/kk;d muds eq[;ea=h cuk;s tkus ds i{k esa ugh FksA Jh xqykcpan rkeksV Hkh mudk fojks/k dj jgs bl fojks/k ds ckotwn dkaxzsl gkbZdeku ds leFkZu ds dkj.k ;g fojks/k fVd u ldk rFkk M‚- 'kekZ dkaxzsl fo/kk;d ny ds usrk pqu fy;s x;sA laHkor% M‚- 'kekZ dk fojks/k mudh ;ksX;rk ds vkrad ds dkj.k gh vf/kd gqvkA

tks fo/kk;d M‚- 'kekZ ds fojks/k esa Fks] os ckcw dkerkçlkn dks eq[;ea=h cukus ds i{k/kj FksA dkerk ckcw ,d [kq'kfetkt] rFkk eLrekSyk LoHkko ds tufç; dk;ZdrkZ FksA tc M‚- 'kekZ viuk eaf=eaMy xfBr djus yxs rks os dkerk ckcw dks ckgj gh j[kuk pkgrs FksA fdarq ftruk dqN jktuhfrd ekgkSy eSaus eghus&nks eghus esa Hkksiky esa ns[kk&le>k Fkk] mldks /;ku esa j[krs gq, eSus rFkk M‚- jkts'oj xq: us M‚- 'kekZ dks ;gh lykg nh fd dkerk ckcw dks eaf=eaMy esa 'kkfey djuk gh mfpr gSA esjk [k;ky gS fd vkSj Hkh yksxksa us bl rjg dh igy t:j dh gksxhA M‚- 'kekZ ds eaf=eaMy ds vU; lnL; Fks ckcw dkerk çlkn] ekSykuk rthZ e'kfjd rFkk Jh mejkoflag ¼miea=h½A rthZ lkgc cgqr gh lh/ks&lkns fdLe ds O;fä FksA os ,d NksVh&lh elftn esa gh fuokl djrs FksA ea=h cus rc os vdsys gh FksA ea=h cuus ds dqN eghuksa ckn mUgksus ,d vodk'k çkIr QkSth dh 8 cPpksa okyh choh ls fudkg dj fy;kA ml QkSth dks os dqN vkfFkZd lgk;rk Hkh nsrs jgsA Jh mejkoflag lhgksj 'kDdj dkj[kkus esa 'kk;n ckcwfxjh djrs FksA os gfjtu FksA bl rjg ls lHkh o.kksZ] gfjtuksa rFkk vYila[;dksa dks mfpr çfrfuf/kRo M‚- 'kekZ ds eaf=eaMy esa gks x;kA

M‚- 'kekZ cgqr de mez ¼34 o"kZ½ esa eq[;ea=h cusA dqN ç'kklfud vuqHko u gksus ds dkj.k vkSj dqN viuh vk;q ds dkj.k os vuqHkofl) yksxksa dh lykg Hkh lqu fy;k djrs FksA muds eq[;eaf=Ro ds çkjafHkd pkj&N% eghuksa esa M‚- xq: rFkk eS Hkh muds fo'oLr O;fä;ksa esa jgs cfYd ;g dguk Hkh vuqfpr u gksxk] fd mu fnuksa esa mUgksus ge yksxksa dh ckr dks dkQh otu fn;kA tc Hkksiky ls jkT;lHkk ds fy, ,d lnL; ds pquko dk çlax vk;k] rc os fdlh vU; O;fä dks Hkstuk pkgrs FksA fdarq ge yksxksa dh ckr j[kdj mUgksaus ekLVj HkSajksçlkn dks Hkstuk eatwj dj fy;kA ekLVj HkSajksçlkn igys fganw egklHkk ds ofj"B dk;ZdrkZ jgs Fks fdarq ckn esa vU; lkekftd&jktuhfrd dk;ZdrkZvksa dh rjg os Hkh dkaxzsl esa 'kkfey gks x;s FksA

Hkksiky ds phQ dfe'uj Jh ,l- fo'oukFku FksA os jktuhfrd ;k ç'kkldh; ekeyksa esa de n[ky nsrs FksA yksdfç; ljdkj dh LFkkiuk ds dqN eghuksa ckn gh Jh fo'oukFku fnYyh okil cqyk fy;s x;sA mudh txg ij mÙkjçns'k ds eq[;lfpo Jh Hkxoku lgk; inLFk fd;s x;sA Jh Hkxoku lgk; ,d ofj"B vkbZ-lh-,l- FksA os ,d vPNs lkfgR;&iszeh] f'kYih rFkk dyklk/kd FksA fganh ;k vaxzsth ds uohure çdk'ku dh u flQZ mUgsa tkudkjh jgrh Fkh] oju os fdrkcs muds ikl miyC/k Hkh jgrh FkhA tc Hkh muls feyus tkb, ;k rks os dksbZ iqLrd i<+rs feyrs Fks] ;k dksbZ isafVx djrs gq, ;k dksbZ ewfrZ x<+rs gq,A bu dyk&xq.kksa ds lkFk gh os vPNs ç'kkld Hkh FksA M‚- 'kekZ dk ç'kklfud çf'k{k.k muls gh 'kq: gqvk] ,slk dgus esa dksbZ vfr';ksfä ugh gSA

/khjs&/khjs ç'kklfud {ks= esa M‚- 'kekZ dk vkRefo'okl c<+rk x;kA Jh Hkxoku lgk; ds vykok mUgs fdlh lykgdkj dh Hkh t:jr ugha jghA Hkxoku lgk;th ds cM+s HkkbZ Jh fo".kq lgk; Hkh ofj"B vkbZ-lh-,l- vf/kdkjh FksA nksuksa Hkkb;ksa ds usg:&ifjokj ls vPNs laca/k gksus ds dkj.k os fo'oluh; inksa ij çfrf"Br gksrs jgsA Jh Hkxoku lgk; ds dkj.k gh M‚- 'kekZ Hkh usg:th ds fudV vk;sA baXySaM esa gqbZ M‚- 'kekZ dh i<+kbZ Hkh bl fudVrk es lgk;d gqbZA Hkksiky jkT; dks blls cgqr ykHk gqvkA tc 40 yk[k dh vkcknh okys foa/;çns'k dks dsaæ ls yxHkx 3 djksM+ :i;k lkykuk dh foÙkh; lgk;rk feyrh Fkh rc 8 yk[k dh vkcknh okys Hkksiky jkT; dks 5 ls 10 djksM+ :i;ksa rd dh enn feyus yxh FkhA ia- usg: dk lky esa ,d&nks ckj Hkksiky vkuk lk/kkj.k&lh ?kVuk ekuh tkrh FkhA iafMrth M‚- 'kekZ ls brus çHkkfor Fks fd eq[; lMd ls nwj fdlh x‚o rd ,dk/k fdyksehVj iSny pyuk Hkh iafMrth dks ukxokj ugha xqtjrk FkkA

M‚- 'kekZ dks vf/kdkfj;ksa dh ,slh cf<;k Vhe feyh fd fdlh dPps jkLrs ds nksuksa rjQ Hkh jkrksa&jkr cM+s&cM+s o`{k mxk nsuk ekewyh&lh ckr FkhA eq>s ;kn gS fd iafMrth tc fdlh iapk;r lEesyu ds ;k dE;qfuVh MsoyiesaV çksxzke ds fy, [ktwjh xzke vk;s rks o`{kksa dh ;g iafä ns[kdj nax jg x;sA njvly ;g M‚- 'kekZ dh dYiuk&vU; ,slk py&cxhpk Fkk] tks ,sls voljksa ij dgha Hkh igqWpk;k tk ldrk FkkA

bu Åijh VheVkeksa ,oa fodkl dh rst xfr ds ckotwn Hkksiky jkT; dh turk dh fLFkfr yxHkx vU; jkT;ksa tSlh gh FkhA turk dh dqN dfBukb;ksa dks tc uoHkkjr esa mtkxj djrs gq, ç'kklfud mis{kk dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k x;k rks M‚- 'kekZ mÙksftr gks x;sA mUgksus uoHkkjr ds foKkiu gh can dj fn;sA ;g fLFkfr muds eq[;ea=h inLFk gksus ds 12&15 eghuksa ds Hkhrj gh vk x;hA tc eq>s ;g ekywe gqvk rks eS M‚- 'kekZ ls feykA mudh dqN f'kdk;rsa Bhd Fkha] dqN gekjh ¼uoHkkjr ds LFkkuh; laiknd Lo- Jh lR;ukjk;.k JhokLro rFkk esjh½ nyhysa Bhd FkhaA ysfdu M‚- lkgc dks ;s nyhysa mfpr ekywe ugha gqbZA vius xqLls esa os ;gk¡ rd dg x;s fd ^^eS tkurk gw¡ fd uoHkkjr fc;k.khth dk leFkZd i= gS] blfy, ;g lc djrk jgrk gSA** fc;k.khth iqjkus e/;çns'k ds foÙkea=h] vkSj fQj mUgsa Hkksiky ls D;k ysuk&nsuk\ eq>ls Hkh u jgk x;kA eSus Hkh dgk] ^^vki dc ls 'kqDy ¼ia- jfo'kadj 'kqDy½ ;k feJ ¼ia- }kjdkçlkn feJ tks fd rc dkaxszl ls vyx gks pqds Fks½ leFkZd gks x;s\** eSus muds fo/kk;d rFkk eq[;ea=h&pquko ds le; dh Hkh ;kn fnyk;hA var esa os BaMs iM+s rks eSus vkxzg fd;k fd ^^os foKkiu 'kq: djsa ;k u djsa] ;g mudh bPNk dh ckr gSA ysfdu ;fn dHkh dksbZ Hkze gks rks de&ls&de os LFkkuh; laiknd dks cqykdj ckr rks dj fy;k djsaA fQj esjk Hkh Hkksiky vkuk&tkuk yxk gh jgrk gSA dksbZ ckr cus gh ugha] rks eq>ls Hkh rks dgk tk ldrk gSA** ckr vk;h&x;h gks x;hA dqN le; ckn foKkiu Hkh 'kq: gks x;sA

lkfgR;dkjksa dks 'kkldh; lgk;rk dk bfrgkl de&ls&de e/;çns'k esa Hkksiky ls gh 'kq: gqvk] ;g dguk vfr'k;ksfä u gksxhA vkSj jkT;ksa dh fLFkfr dk eq>s Kku ughaA Hkksiky ds e'kgwj 'kk;j 'ksjh Hkksikyh cgqr gh eqQfylh dh ftanxh clj dj jgs FksA mudh xty ^pk¡n ys tk pk¡nuh viuh* yxHkx gj xkf;dk dh tqcku ij FkhA fdarq 'kk;n 'ksjh lk- dks bl xty ds fjdkMksZ dh fcØh dh mfpr jk;YVh ,p-,e-Ogh- us ugha nh gksxhA Lo- lR;ukjk;.k JhokLro rc uoHkkjr Hkksiky esa vk x;s FksA ,d fnu mUgksus ^vkSj 'ksjh Hkksikyh ej x;k* 'kh"kZd ls ,d cgqr gh ekfeZd lekpkj uoHkkjr esa çdkf'kr dj fn;kA vafre iSjkxzkQ esa ^dk'k] ;g lekpkj lp gksrk* ds lkFk 'ksjh Hkksikyh dh n;uh; vkfFkZd fLFkfr dk dPpk [kkdk Hkh çLrqr gqvkA ;g lekpkj i<dj dkerk ckcw tks fd rc laHkor% lekt dY;k.kea=h Hkh Fks] brus nq[kh gq, fd mUgksaus QkSju M‚- 'kekZ ls ckr dj 'ksjh lk- dks lkS :i;s ekgokj dh lgk;rk ds vkns'k dj fn;sA u;k e/;çns'k cuus ds ckn 'ksjh lk- fdlh 'kkldh; foHkkx esa Hkh dke djrs jgsA

M‚- 'kadjn;kyth dk vuqHko çkS<+ gksrk x;kA os Hkksiky ds vkS|ksfxd fodkl ds fy, Hkh ç;Ru'khy jgsA cacbZ ds çfl) m|ksxifr Jh xtk/kjth lksekuh vkfn Hkh dksbZ m|ksx LFkkfir djus ds fy, Hkksiky vk;sA okysl ,aM daiuh dh eSnk&fey Hkh Hkksiky esa mUgha fnuksa 'kq: gqbZA Hkksiky ds tjh ds dke dks Hkh vf/kd çksRlkgu fn;k x;kA cSjkx<+ esa fla/kh lekt dks clk;k x;k] ftlds dkj.k Hkksiky dk O;kolkf;d egRo c<+kA M‚- 'kekZ ds ç;Ru ls gh Hkksiky esa bathfu;fjax] esfMdy] iksyhVsdfud vkfn fn'kk laLFkkvksa dh LFkkiuk gqbZA lhgksj esa -f"k&egkfo|ky; LFkkfir fd;k x;kA 1955 esa gSoh bysfDVªdYl dkj[kkus dh LFkkiuk gqbZA

bUgh fnuksa M‚- 'kekZ fQj fdlh otg ls uoHkkjr ls ukjkt gks x;sA fQj foKkiu can dj fn;s x;sA 'kk;n Hkksiky rFkk tcyiqj ds chp u;s çns'k dh jkt/kkuh dh LFkkiuk dk fookn Hkh ,d dkj.k gks ldrk gSA eSa tcyiqj esa jkt/kkuh dh LFkkiuk ds fy, xfBr ukxfjd lfefr dk lokbZeyth tSu ds lkFk la;qä la;kstd FkkA tc ;g fuf'pr gh gks x;k fd jkt/kkuh Hkksiky esa gh jgsxh rks eSus M‚- lkgc dks tcyiqj ls rkj fn;k% ^;wvj ,QV~lZ ØkmaM foFk lDlslA gkVhZ dkaxzspqys'kalA* ¼vkids ç;Ru lQy gq,A esjh gkfnZd c/kkbZ½ 'kadjn;ky th us esjk ;g rkj Hkksiky ds reke i=dkjksa dks crk;kA

foKkiu can dj fn;s tkus ds ckn Hkh esjk Hkksiky vkuk&tkuk rks cuk gh jgkA ysfdu eSaus M‚- 'kekZ ls feyuk can dj fn;kA bUQjes'ku v‚fQlj Jh ¼Lo-½ ,p-,l- glu eq>s cgqr le>krs jgs fd eSa 'kadjn;ky lk- ls fey yw¡A ysfdu eSa bl çlax dks Vkyrk jgkA ij vpkud ,d ,slk la;ksx mifLFkr gks x;k fd muls esjh eqykdkr gks gh x;hA gqvk ;g fd fnxacj tSu Ldwy esa 'kk;n okf"kZd mRlo euk;k tk jgk FkkA og‚ ds çkpk;Z HkkbZ jrudqekjth dk vkxzg gqvk fd eSa Hkh bl volj ij mifLFkr jgw¡A 'kk;n og lekiu fnol FkkA M‚- 'kekZ eq[; vfrfFk FksA eS i=dkjksa ds chp eas cSBk Fkk fd M‚- lkgc dh utj iM+ x;hA eSa ueLdkj u djrk] ;g esjh gn ntsZ dh csvnch gksrhA dk;ZØe lekIr gksus ij mUgkssaus eq>s cqyk;k vkSj lkFk esa cSBkdj vius fuokl ys vk;sA lwpuk rFkk tulaidZ vf/kdkjh glu lk- dks Hkh mUgksus vius ihNs vkus dk b'kkjk fd;kA os dkj esa gh eq>ls cksys fd mUgksaus foKkiu 'kq: djus ds funsZ'k ns fn;s gSA eS rks Hkjk cSBk gh Fkk] eSaus dgk] ^^M‚DVj lk-] dksbZ tYnh ugha gSA 4&6 eghus esa u;k e/;çns'k cuus ij vius vki 'kq: gks tk;saxsA rc rd ?kkVk mBkus dh {kerk geesa gSA**

glu lk- gekjs ihNs vk gh jgs FksA muls Hkh dg fn;k x;kA

u;k e/;çns'k cukA vkSj M‚- 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ 'kqDy eaf=eaMy esa f'k{kkea=h fu;qä gq,A 2 vDVwcj] 1956 dks uoHkkjr vius iwjs vkdkj esa Hkksiky ls çdkf'kr gksus yxkA eSa Hkh tcyiqj ls LFkkukarfjr gksdj Hkksiky vk x;kA ysfdu M‚DVj 'kekZ ds lkFk esjs laca/kks esa mrkj&p<+ko pyrk gh jgkA la;ksxo'k nks eghus esa gh ia- jfo'kadj 'kqDy dk fu/ku gks x;kA M‚- dkVtw u;s eq[;ea=h gksdj vk;sA 1957 ds vke pquko esa M‚- 'kekZ cSjfl;k dh ctk; mn;iqjk ls pquko thrdj vk;sA os iqu% f'k{kkea=h cusA

mUgha fnuksa Hkksiky esa uoxfBr e/;çns'k fganh lkfgR; lEesyu dk vf/kos'ku vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA ç/kkuea=h ia- usg: 1 uoacj] 1958 dks Hkksiky vk jgs Fks lkfgR; lEesyu dk mn~?kkVu Hkh muds dk;ZØe esa 'kkfey dj fy;k x;kA blds iwoZ çknsf'kd lEesyu vius vf/kos'ku ds fy, viuh gh foÙkh; O;oLFkk djrs Fks fdarq bl ckj 'kk;n igyh ckj bl dk;ZØe ds fy, e/;çns'k ljdkj us nl gtkj :i;ksa dk vuqnku Lohdkj fd;kA

;g vuqnku rks f'k{kk foHkkx dh vksj ls gh Lohdkj fd;k x;k fdarq Lokxrk/;{k Fks Lo;a eq[;ea=h M‚- dkVtwA fQj Hkh f'k{kkea=h gksus ds ukrs M‚- 'kekZ dks Hkh mfpr çfr"Bk nh x;h FkhA eqf'dy rc [kM+h gqbZ tc lnj eafty esa txg de gksus ds dkj.k eap NksVk gh cu ldk vkSj ml ij dqy 4&5 O;fä;ksa ds cSBus dh gh O;oLFkk dh tk ldhA eq[; vfrfFk tokgjykyth] Lokxrk/;{k M‚- dkVtw] lEesyu ds uofuokZfpr v/;{k ia- dqathyky nqcs] iwoZ v/;{k Jh fcztykyth fc;k.kh] lEesyu ds ç/kkuea=h Jh jkexksikyth ekgs'ojh rFkk ,d dksbZ lapkydA M‚- 'kekZ dh ukjkth dk igyk dkj.k rks ;g gqvkA fQj lEesyu dh dk;Zokgh esa Hkh mudk gLr{ksi gqvkA os eq>ls ukjkt gq, gh] ;g Hkh dgk fd lEesyu es ljdkj us nl gtkj :i;s fn;s gS blfy, ljdkj dh gh ¼eryc M‚- lk- dh½ ethZ ls dke gksxkA eS Hkh dqN rko [kk x;k] vkSj muds gkFk ls ekbd >Vddj cksyk fd ljdkj us gesa eqfxZ;k¡ yM+kus ds fy, vuqnku ugha fn;k gSA vkSj Hkh xjekxje ckrsa gqbZA e/;Hkkjr fganh lk- lEesyu ds iwoZ v/;{k gfjHkkÅ mik/;k; us ge nksuksa dks gh le>kdj okrkoj.k BaMk fd;kA

blh chp ,d ?kVuk vkSj gks x;hA lEesyu ds vf/kos'ku ds volj ij vfrfFk lkfgR;dkjksa dk dfo&lEesyu Hkh vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk FkkA bl ckj M‚- 'kekZ us ,d vyx gh çca/k dj fy;kA mUgksaus dfo&lEesyu dk vk;kstu e/;Hkkjr dyk ifj"kn~ dh vksj ls djk fn;kA dqN ckgj ds dfo Hkh cqyk;s x;s vkSj dqN lEesyu ds lnL; dfoA bUgsa dqN ikfjJfed Hkh fn;k tkuk FkkA lEesyu esa tks 'ks"k dfo jg x;s] mUgs u rks dfork ikB ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;k x;k vkSj u dksbZ ikfjJfedA ;g lEesyu dh fiNyh ijaijk ds f[kykQ FkkA bl ij esjk rFkk M‚DVj lk- dk fQj erHksn gks x;kA eSus muls vkxzg fd;k fd lEesyu ds lnL; vfrfFk;ksa dh mis{kk djuk mfpr ugha gSA blls lEesyu esa gh QwV iM+ tk;sxhA fdarq M‚- lk- ds gB ds vkxs gekjh ugha pyhA ifj.kke ;g gqvkA fd gekjs vfrfFk;ksa esa ls Jh jkes'oj 'kqDy ^vapy* dks NksMdj fdlh us dfo&lEesyu esa f'kjdr ugha dhA lEesyu ds ,d&nks vfrfFk;ksa dks NksMdj dksbZ ogk¡ mifLFkr Hkh ugha gqvkA
ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd M‚- jkts'oj xq: dh inksUufr jksd yh x;hA nks&rhu lky ckn feyh Hkh rks mUgsa cjsyh tSlh NksVh txg esa inLFk fd;k x;kA 31 fnlacj] 1958 dks eS uoHkkjr ls i`Fkd gks x;kA mUgksus vius varjax fe=ksa ls dgk fd mudk fojks/k djus ds dkj.k eS uoHkkjr ls gVk fn;k x;kA Hkksiky NwV tkus ds ckn ;g çdj.k vius&vki lekIr gks x;kA

M‚- 'kekZ dh ftn dk ,d vkSj uewuk ;gk¡ nsuk mfpr gksxkA muds f'k{kk foHkkx dks ysdj fo/kkulHkk esa rh[kh vkykspuk gks jgh FkhA mUgksus viuk mÙkj vaxzsth esa nsuk 'qk: dj fn;kA pkjksa rjQ ls fo/kk;dksa us ^fganh esa cksfy;s] fganh esa cksfy;s* dk 'kksj epkuk 'kq: dj fn;kA fo/kk;d er ds vkxs M‚- 'kekZ dks >qduk iM+kA ysfdu mUgksaus fganh esa tks mÙkj fn;k] ckuxh ds fy, mlds ,d&nks okD; ns jgk gw¡% ^^ge vius LVqMsaV~l dk tks Lis'kykbTM ,tqds'ku baiksVZ djuk pkgrs gSa] muds lctsDV~l dks QqYyh vaMjLVSaM fd;s fcuk ,DlIysu dSls fd;k tk ldrk gS!**

vc 'kekZth dh bl fganh dks fo/kk;d fdruk D;k le> ik;s gksaxs] bldk vuqeku ikBd yxk ysaA

laca/kks ds bl mrkj&p<+ko ds ckotwn eS M‚- 'kekZ dks ,d cgqr deZB O;fä ekurk gw¡A e/;çns'k esa f'k{kk çlkj ds fy, mUgksus cgqr ;kstuk, ykxw dhaA f'k{kdksa ds mfpr osrueku lkjs ns'k esa lcls igys M‚- 'kekZ us e/;çns'k esa gh ykxw fd;sA vU; jkT;ksa us ckn esaA ,d ckj eSaus muls dgk Hkh fd vkidh f'k{kk fodkl dh xfr cgqr rst gSA ysfdu mruh gh vO;oLFkk Hkh gks jgh gSA mudk lh/kk mÙkj Fkk] ^^ek;kjketh] fodkl rks gksuk gh pkfg,A ;g vO;oLFkk vLFkk;h gSA**

iafMr }kjdkçlkn feJ us 1967 esa mUgsa m|ksxea=h cuk;kA e-ç- ds vkS|ksfxd fodkl ds fy, mUgksus Hkksiky esa ,d esyk gh yxk fn;kA dsaæh; vk;kr&fu;kZr foHkkx ds vf/kdkjh Hkh Hkksiky vkeaf=r fd;s x;sA rhu fnu ds bl esys esa lSdM+ks ;kstuk,¡ Loh-r dh x;ha vkSj ftl bEiksVZ ykblsal dks çkIr djusa esa 4&6 eghus yx tkuk rks vke ckr Fkh] ,d eghus esa gh og ?kj cSBs fey x;sA M‚DVj lk- dsaæ esa lapkjea=h gq, rks e/;çns'k esa rkj&Qksu lsok dk cgqr rsth ls foLrkj gqvkA

mudh jktuhfrd utj Hkh cgqr iSuh gSA tc bafnjkth rFkk rFkkdfFkr flaMhdsV usrkvksa esa erHksn gqvk rks os futfyaxIik dks NksMdj bafnjkth ds lkFk gks fy;sA ;g lkjk bfrgkl gS] mlesa tkus dh t:jr ughaA

M‚- lkgc esjs lkjs fojks/k dks tSls Hkwy x;s gSaA dqN o"kZ iwoZ eS muls fnYyh es dkaxzsl dk;kZy; esa feykA os chl&lw=h; dk;ZØe lfefr ds v/;{k FksA vU; vfrfFk;ksa ls feyus ds fy, mUgksaus nwljk le; ns fn;k vkSj eq>ls rhu ?kaVs rd ckr gh ugha djrs jgs] eq>s esjs fuokl rd viuh xkM+h esa NksMus ds fy, Hkh vk;sA vHkh fiNys flracj esa eS muls Hkksiky ds jktfuokl esa feykA os vka/kzçns'k ds jkT;iky Fks rcA mudh csVh xhrkatfy rFkk nkekn Jh yfyr ekdu dh u`'kal gR;k ds çfr eSaus laosnuk çdV dh] rks os QQd&QQddj jks iM+sA muds os vkReh; {k.k Hkqyk;s ugha HkwyrsA ,dk/k ckj dHkh eSaus muls viuh fojks/kh Hkwfedk dk gkSys ls ftØ Hkh fd;k rks os cksys] ^^os lc ckrsa Hkwy tkvksA rqels ckr djuk eq>s vPNk yxrk gSA** muds bl ,d okD; us esjk lkjk eSy /kks fn;kA


M‚- 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ vkSj esjs chp laca/k pkgs tSls jgs gksa] bl lpkbZ ls badkj ugh fd;k tk ldrk fd mUgksaus Hkksiky jkT; ds fy, ftruk dqN fd;k] og Hkqyk;k ugh tk ldrkA esjh jk; esa mldk lgh vkdyu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A u;s e/;çns'k ds xBu ds iwoZ gh mUgksus Hkksiky esa f'k{kk çlkj dk vuojr ç;kl fd;kA mu fnuksa Hkksiky esa mrus f'k{kd miyC/k ugha gksrs FksA blfy, Hkksiky dh nf{k.k lhek ls yxs gks'kaxkckn ftys ds vusd f'kf{kr O;fä;ksa dks Hkksiky jkT; ds f'k{kk foHkkx esa /kM+Yys ls ukSdfj;k¡ feyhaA f'k{kk ds vykok Hkh vU; {ks=ks esa Hkksiky ds Hkjiwj fodkl esa M‚- 'kekZ ds vonku dks udkjuk laHko ugh gSA

muds bl ;ksxnku ds ckotwn M‚- 'kekZ dks Hkksiky fuokfl;ksa ls ftruk eku&lEeku feyuk pkfg, Fkk] og ugha feykA bldh ,d otg ;g Hkh Fkh fd M‚- 'kekZ vius lg;ksfx;ksa dks ek= dk;ZdrkZ ds :i esa ns[krs jgsA f'kdk;r Fkh fd fe=ksa dks ftruk egRo feyuk pkfg, Fkk] og ugh fn;k x;kA ckcw dkerkçlkn Hkh 'kekZ eaf=eaMy esa vf/kd le; rd ugha fVd ldsA M‚- 'kekZ ij phQ dfe'uj Hkxokulgk; dk çHkko vf/kd FkkA blfy, 'kk;n M‚- 'kekZ vius lg;ksfx;ksa dh mis{kk djrs jgsA nwljh vkSj ckcw dkerkçlkn turk ,oa dk;ZdrkZvks ds chp lfØ; Fks] blhfy, yksdfç; jgsA fojks/k dk dksbZ [kkl eqík Fkk ;k fd vusd eqís] eq>s vc ;kn ugha vk jgkA ijarq ckcw dkerkçlkn rFkk M‚- 'kekZ ds chp erHksn iSnk gks x;sA ;ksa eaf=eaMy xBu ds le; Hkh M‚- 'kekZ dkerk ckcw ds çfr cgqr vk'oLr ugha FksA M‚- 'kekZ fnYyh njckj ds dkQh utnhd FksA Jh Hkxoku lgk; dk ojngLr Hkh muds Åij FkkA vkSj] ,d fnu dkerk ckcw ls eaf=eaMy ls R;kxi= ek¡x fy;k x;kA esjk] [k;ky gS fd dkerk ckcw ds eaf=eaMy ls i`Fkd~ fd;s tkus ds dkj.k Hkh M‚- 'kekZ ds çfr tulkekU; dh vknj&Hkkouk detksj gqbZA

M‚- 'kekZ ds vuU; ç'kald Jh fcgkjhyky ?kV rFkk Jh Bkdqjçlkn 'kekZ Hkh mudh cs:[kh ls nq[kh gq,A ikjaifjd ppkZ ds nkSjku os nch tqcku ls dgrs Fks fd mudh NksVh&eksVh flQkfj'ksa Jh M‚- 'kekZ us Bqdjk nhA ;g ek= bu nks ofj"B dkaxzsltuksa dh jk; ugha gSA vkerkSj ij M‚- 'kekZ ds çfr tuvlarks"k c<+kA ;gh otg Fkh fd mUgsa vius ewy fuokZpu {ks= cSjfl;k dh ctk; 1957 esa mn;iqjk ls pquko yMuk iM+kA bl çdkj dh f'kdk;rsa Hkksiky fj;klr ds foyhuhdj.k vkanksyu ds tekus ds muds lkfFk;ksa dks Hkh jghaA HkkbZ jrudqekj xqIrk ds fy, os pkgrs rks dqN dj ldrs FksA Jh jrudqekjth ,d /kuk<î O;olk;h ifjokj ls vkrs FksA Hkksiky 'kgj esa muds iwoZtksa dk yack O;olk; rks Fkk gh] vusd bekjrsa Hkh FkhaA HkkbZ lk- ¼jrudqekjth dks yksx blh uke ls iqdkjrs gS½ dks jktuhfr dk pLdk yx x;kA firk ds fu/ku ds ckn u dsoy nqdkunkjh vkSj iSr`d O;olk; pkSiV gks x;k] oju edkukr Hkh fxjoh j[k fn;s x;s ;k fcd x;sA jrudqekjth dsoy jktuhfrd dk;ZdrkZ gh ugha Fks] vPNs [kkls lkfgR;dkj Hkh FksA vkSj tc jktuhfr rFkk lkfgR; dk tksM+k cSB tk;s rks cjckn gksus esa oä gh fdruk yxrk gSA HkkbZ lk- ds ;gk¡ 'kk;n gh dksbZ fnu ,slk tkrk gks tc 10&5 vfrfFk Hkkstu u djrs gksaA ladksph brus fd vkfFkZd foiUurk dks lfUudV ns[krs gq, Hkh vius [kpksZ dks fu;af=r ugha dj ldsA vkSj ;s ogh HkkbZ jrudqekj gSa tks M‚- 'kekZ dks y[kuÅ tkus ls jksdus esa vxqvk FksA eqFkjk ckcw vkSj vU; dk;ZdrkZ Hkh HkkbZ lkgc dh bl igy esa 'kkfey jgsA mlh jkf= dks M‚- 'kekZ dks çse JhokLro ds [kknh ds oL= /kkj.k djk fn;s x;sA vkelHkk esa foyhuhdj.k ds i{k esa Hkk"k.k djk fn;k x;kA vkSj M‚- 'kekZ Hkksiky dkjkokl Hkst fn;s x;sA

HkkbZ jrudqekj ,d ek= felky ugha gSA Jh v{k;dqekj tSu ls Hkh M‚- 'kekZ ukjkt jgsA v{k;th ls rks bl lhek rd fd tc lsfQ;k d‚yst esa mudh fu;qfä gqbZ rks M‚- 'kekZ dh igy ij mUgs dqN fnu ckn gh cj[kkLr dj fn;k x;kA ceqf'dy Jh ewypan ns'kysgjk vkfn ds chp&cpko ls v{k;th dh ukSdjh cphA v{k;th ls mudh ukjkth dk ,d dkj.k ;g Hkh Fkk fd os lkfgR;&lEesyu dh dfo&xks"Bh okys fookn esa ge yksxks ds lkFk FksA ge yksxksa ds lkFk mUgksaus Hkh dfo&lEesyu dk cfg"dkj fd;k Fkk vkSj M‚- 'kekZ ;g dSls cjnk'r dj ldrs Fks fd dksbZ Hkksikyoklh muds fo:) pyk tk;sA

lp rks ;g gS fd eq[;ea=h cuus ds ckn M‚- 'kekZ cgqr vlfg".kq tSls gks x;sA ;k ;ksa dfg, fd cs:[ks gks x;sA Hkksiky ds muds vusd lkfFk;ksa esa ls 10&5 ds uke Hkh ugha fxuk ldrk tks M‚- 'kekZ ls mi-r gq, gksaA viuh Lej.k'kfä ij cgqr tksj ekjrk gw¡ rks eq>s dsoy 3&4 uke gh ;kn vkrs gS ftu ij M‚- 'kekZ dh vius eq[;eaf=Ro dky esa ;k u;k e/;çns'k cuus ds ckn f'k{kk eaf=Rodky esa -ik gqbZ gksA ,d rks gS muds lgikBh Lo- vykse lk- ftuds dkj.k os cSjfl;k {ks= ls fuokZfpr gksdj vk;sA vykse lk- dks mUgksaus e/;çns'k lfpoky; esa Å¡ps inksa ij igq¡pk;kA bruk gh ugha] mudh lsok&fuo`fÙk rFkk fu/ku ds ckn Hkh mudh iRuh dks e/;çns'k yksd lsok vk;ksx dk lnL; fu;qä djk;kA Hkksikyokfl;ksa esa nwljk uke 'kQhd fe;k¡ dk fy;k tk ldrk gSA mUgsa Hkh M‚- lkgc us Hkjiwj leFkZu rFkk lqfo/kk,¡ miyC/k djk;haA u;s e/;çns'k esa Hkh eq>s dsoy nks uke ;kn vkrs gSA ,d gS ljLorh çdk'ku ds lapkyd Jh ek/kqjh'kj.k vxzokyA Jh vxzoky u;k e/;çns'k cuus ds ckn eFkqjk ls vk;s FksA eFkqjk esa mudh blh uke dh ,d NksVh&lh çdk'ku laLFkk FkhA ek/kqjh'kj.k prqj O;olk;h FksA de mez esa gh mUgksaus viuh O;olk;&cqf) dk vPNk mi;ksx fd;kA mu fnuksa reke eaf=x.k fu/kkZfjr ftyksa esa tu&laidZ gsrq in;k=k djrs FksA Jh ekFkqjh'kj.k M‚- 'kekZ dh in;k=k ds nkSjku iwjs iaæg fnu muds lkFk jgsA QyLo:i muds çdk'ku dh dqN iqLrdsa ikBîØe esa yxk nh x;haA fo'kky e/;çns'k ds lkjs Ldwyksa esa ;fn fdlh çdk'ku dh ,d&nks fdrkcsa gh yx tk;sa rks mlls çdk'ku dk fdruk m)kj gks ldrk gS] ;g vuqeku yxkuk dfBu ugha gSA Hkksiky ds ckgj ds gh nwljs lTtu dk uke eq>s vkSj ;kn vk jgk gS os gaS Jh i|ukHk rSyaxA rSyaxth lkxj esa f'k{kd FksA Lok/khurk&laxzke esa fgLlsnkjh Hkh jgh mudhA fQj os Jh Tokykçlknth T;ksfr"kh ds lkFk lkIrkfgd ^foa/; ds'kjh* dk laiknu&çdk'ku Hkh djrs jgsA Hkksiky esa 1952 ds vke pquko ds Bhd ckn gh rSyaxth Hkh lkxj ls Hkksiky vk x;sA u tkus mUgksaus M‚- 'kekZ ij D;k tknw fd;k fd os /khjs&/khjs ^eEek* ¼ekek½ uke ls lacksf/kr fd;s tkus yxsA ;g mikf/k muds lkFk vHkh rd tqMh gqbZ gSA mUgsa M‚- 'kekZ ds eq[;eaf=Ro dky esa ,d cl :V dk ijfeV fey x;kA vkt Jh i|ukHk rSyax tks dqN Hkh gS] bl cl&ijfeV ls mudh le`f) dh vxokuh dh dgkuh 'kq: gksrh gSA

M‚- 'kekZ dh vius dk;ZdrkZvks ds çfr cs:[kh gksus ds ckotwn mu ij çR;{kr% dksbZ ykaNu ugha yxk;k tk ldrkA ;ksa rks gj jktuhfrd usrk ;k in/kkjh ds f[kykQ lSdM+ksa vkjksi yxk;s tk ldrs gS] ijarq M‚- 'kekZ ij fdlh Hkh çdkj dk nks"kkjksi.k gqvk gks] ;g eq>s ;kn ugh vkrkA 1967 esa feJ&eaf=eaMy ds vinLFk gks tkus ij os çksQsllZ dkyksuh ds ,d NksVs&ls fuokl esa pys x;sA dksbZ çfr"Bk&çn'kZu ugha] dksbZ f'kdk;r ughaA yksdlHkk esa x;s rc Hkh blh fuokl esa oä xqtkj fy;kA

1951 ds iwoZ uckoh tekus esa tc v[kckj gh ugha fudyrs Fks rks fdlh lekpkj ,tsalh dh D;k t:jr Fkh! M‚- 'kekZ ds eq[;ea=h&inLFk gksus ds ckn Hkksiky esa ih-Vh-vkbZ- dk nrj igyh ckj [kqykA blds ckn Hkksiky esa vkdk'kok.kh dsaæ LFkkfir djkus dk Js; Hkh M‚- 'kekZ dks gh tkrk gSA

vius eq[;ea=h dky esa M‚- 'kekZ us i=dkjksa rFkk Lok/khurk&laxzke lSfudksa ds fy, vkokl&O;oLFkk Hkh dhA jktHkou ds lkeus i=dkjks rFkk Loar=rk&laxzke lSfudksa dks Hkw[kaM vkoafVr fd;s x;sA ekyoh; uxj esa vf/kdka'k Hkw[kaM bUgh yksxksa dks fn;s x;sA
dqy feykdj ;gh fd dqN fe=ksa dks Hkys gh viuh mis{kk dh f'kdk;r jgh gks] lkekftd rFkk ç'kklfud dk;Zdykiksa esa os vusd ledkyhu eq[;eaf=;ksa ls vkxs jgsA viuh dq'kkxz cqf) rFkk fuLi`g deZBrk ds dkj.k os vuojr çxfr djrs jgsA vU;Fkk Hkksiky tSls NksVs jkT; ds fdlh O;fä dh fdruh iwN&ij[k gks ldrh FkhA ns'k dk ç/kkuea=h dksbZ Hkh jgk gks] M‚- 'kekZ dk ,d lEekutud LFkku ges'kk lqjf{kr jgkA

os ftrus ia- usg: ds fudV Fks] mrus gh Jh ykycgknqj 'kkL=h ds HkhA Jherh bafnjk xka/kh ds dk;Zdky es dkaxzsl ds egklfpo vkSj dkykarj esa v/;{k jgs rks Jh jktho xka/kh us mUgsa iatkc] egkjk"Vª rFkk vka/kçns'k tSls egRoiw.kZ jkT;ksa esa jkT;iky dk nkf;Ro lkSaikA iatkc esa t:j mudk eu ugh yxkA vkraddkjh rRoksa }kjk fnYyh esa mudh csVh&nkekn dh u`'kal gR;k ds dkj.k os mf}Xu jgs] ;g LokHkkfod gh FkkA muds vka/kzçns'k ds jkT;iky fu;qä gksus ij eSa Lo- Jh tSusaæ dqekj ds lkFk Hkksiky ds jktHkou esa muls feyk FkkA eSaus igyh ckj mUgsa QQd&QQddj vkalw cgkrs ns[kk rks ge nksuksa Hkh vius vk¡lw jksd u lds FksA viuh fu"i{krk ds dkj.k os lÙkk rFkk çfri{k esa ,d leku :i ls yksdfç; gSaA Hkkjr ds mijk"Vªifr ds :i esa mudk loZlEer fuokZpu mudk yksdfç;rk dk çek.k gSA

mijk"Vªifr dh jkT;lHkk ds insu lHkkifr gksrs gSaA M‚- 'kekZ us bl in dh xfjek dks ftl çdkj lqjf{kr j[kk] mlds ,d&nks mnkgj.k ;g‚ fn;s tk ldrs gS%

vka/kzçns'k esa muds mÙkjkf/kdkjh jkT;iky lqJh dqeqncsu tks'kh ds vfu;af=r O;; rFkk xfrfof/k;ksa dk ftØ tc rRdkyhu jkT;lHkk lnL; Jh ih- misaæ us fd;k rks dkaxzsl lnL;ksa us ,d ckosyk gh [kM+k dj fn;kA lk/kkj.k lnL;ksa dh rks ckr gh NksfM,, Jh ih- fpnacje~ rFkk Jh txnh'k VkbVyj tSls eaf=eaMyh; lnL;ksa us Hkh bl çlax ij cgl gksus dk fojks/k fd;kA ;g fojks/k bruk vlgk; gks x;k fd M‚- 'kekZ dks dguk iM+k ^^feLVj fpancje] feLVj VkbVyj] vki lnu ds fu;eksa dh mis{kk ugh dj ldrsA ;fn vki yksxksa dks esjh O;oLFkk ekU; ugh gS rks vki vius ç/kkuea=h rFkk ikVhZ v/;{k ¼Jh jktho xka/kh½ ls dgdj dksbZ nwljk lHkkifr ys vkb,A eq>s in dk dksbZ yksHk ugha gS] lnu dh ijaijk loksZifj gSA** mudh bl vçlUurk ds ckotwn tc ;s nksuksa eaf=x.k viuh gB ij cus jgs rks mUgkssaus lkQ psrkouh nh fd ^^;fn vki eaf=eaMy ds lnL; u gksrs rks eS vkidk uke ysrk ¼vkbZ cqM gso uSEM ;w½A** bldk vk'k; gS] bUgsa lnu ls ckgj dj nsukA

M‚- 'kekZ dh bl O;Fkk dks dkaxzsfl;ksa us Hkys gh u le>k gks] bl çlax dks mBkus okys Jh ih- misUæ us Loa; gh viuk çdj.k okil ysus dh bPNk çdV dh fdarq M‚- 'kekZ us bldh btktr ugha nhA os brus mÙksftr gks x;s fd jäpki c<+ x;kA tks jktho xka/kh bl ?kVuk dks lnu esa mifLFkr jgdj eqLdjkrs gq, ns[k jgs Fks] mUgsa 'kke dks mijk"Vªifr fuokl tkdj M‚- 'kekZ ls [ksn çdV djus dks lkspuk iM+kA

nwljh ?kVuk ml le; dh gS tc 1989 ds yksdlHkk pquko us ljdkj cny nhA egkys[kkdkj rFkk fu;a=d Jh Vh-,u- prqosZnh dh cksQkslZ vkfn çdj.kksa dh fjiksVZ ij tc jkT;lHkk esa ppkZ gksus yxh rks Jh ,u-ds-ih- lkYos tSls ofj"B lnL; us vla;r Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx fd;kA mudh jk; Fkh fd egkys[kkdkj dksbZ U;k;ewfrZ ugha gS fd mudh fjiksVZ ij lnu esa cgl u dh tk;sA oLrqr% ijaijk ;g ugha gSA ia- usg: us Lo;a bl in dk lafo/kku esa fuekZ.k djrs le; dgk Fkk fd ;g in loksZPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;ewfrZ ds led{k ekuk tk;sxkA ;gh otg Fkh fd bl fjiksVZ dks dsoy lnu esa j[kk tkrk Fkk] cgl ugha dh tkrh FkhA bl çlax esa Hkh M‚DVj 'kadjn;ky 'kekZ dkaxzsl lnL;ksa dh vkykspuk ds vkxs ugha >qdsA

rhljk çdj.k gS dk'ehj ?kkVh esa ekSyoh Qk:[k dh gR;k dk lanHkZA lÙkki{k ,oa çfri{k esa rh[kh uksd&>ksad gqbZA dkaxzsl lnL;ksa us ftuesa Jh jRukdj ikaMs ds vfrfjä Hkksiky ds gh Jh lqjs'k ipkSjh vkfn us jkT;lHkk esa gaxkek fd;kA ckr ;gk¡ rd c<+h fd lHkkifr&vklu ij gh M‚- 'kekZ ds vk¡lw cg iM+sA ijarq mUgksaus lnu dh e;kZnk Hkax djus dh btktr ugha nhA bl çlax ij vius cM+cksysiu ds fy, çfl) M‚- ds-ds- frokjh us] tks fdlh Hkh lnu ds lnL; ugha gS] M‚- 'kekZ ds fo:) viekutud fVIi.kh dh vkSj ckn esa og blds fy, lnu esa çrkfMr fd;s x;sA

dkaxzsl ds ,d fu"Bkoku lnL; jgdj Hkh M‚- 'kekZ dk vkpj.k fu"i{k rFkk fuLi`g jgk gSA blh otg ls og lHkh jktuhfrd nyksa esa lEeku ds vf/kdkjh gS] dqN dkaxzsfl;ksa dks NksMdjA eq>s ;g dgus esa oLrqr% dksbZ ladksp ugha gSA fd mUgksus e/;çns'k] vius in rFkk Lo;a dh çfr"Bk dks v{kq..k j[kk gSA